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Unit 7 The Universe

HS Earth Space Science

TermDefinition
Big Bang Theory (cosmology) the theory that the universe originated 20 billion years ago from the cataclysmic explosion of a small mass of matter at extremely high density and temperature
light year the distance light travels in one year
Fusion Creation of energy by joining the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms to form helium.
Parallax the apparent change in position of an object when you look at it from different places
Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram A graph that shows the relationship between the temperature of stars and their brightness (luminosity) or absolute magnitude.
main sequence a diagonal area on an H-R diagram that includes more than 90 percent of all stars
white dwarf the blue-white hot core of a star that is left behind after its outer layers have expanded and drifted out into space
Nebula a cloud of gas and dust in space
Protostar A contracting cloud of gas and dust with enough mass to form a star
neutron star a star that has collapsed under gravity to the point that the electrons and protons have smashed together to form neutrons
Supernova A gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space
black hole a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape.
galaxy A huge group of single stars
Redshift A shift in the lines of an object's spectrum toward the red end. Redshift indicates that an object is moving away from the observer. The larger the redshift
gravitational force an attractive force that acts between any two objects
Created by: KellyKirvin
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