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Microbiology Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| define microbiology | study of 'small-life' |
| define bacteriology | study of bacteria |
| define mycology | fungus(molds), yeasts, hyphae, spores |
| define immunology | study of immune system and immune response |
| define pathology | study of 'disease-causing' or able to cause disease |
| define pathogens | microbes that 'cause disease.' Only a small portion of microbial population |
| define parasitology | amoebas, worms |
| Robert Hooke | 1665 - established cell theory, used crude microscopes |
| Anton Van Leeuwenhoek | 1673 - named 'animalcules' |
| Rudolf Virchow | 1858 - challenged spontaneous generation |
| Louis Pasteur | 1860's - established biogenesis and fermentation |
| Joseph Lister | developed aseptic technique - found lower rate of mortality due to infection with surgeons who wash hands |
| Robert Koch | tried to prove what causes disease; blood from dead infected cattle infected healthy cows; developed Koch's postulates |
| Fancis Redi | meat experiment |
| Paul Erlich | chemotherapy, 'magic bullet' |
| Alexander Fleming | discovered penicillium |
| E. Jenner | vaccinations |
| 3 Domains | bacteria, archae, eukarya |
| bacteria | have peptidoglycan in cell wall; their genetic material is not enclosed in a special nuclear membrane |
| How do bacteria reproduce? | binary fission |
| Are bacteria prokaryotes or eukaryotes? Unicellular or multicellular? | prokaryotes, unicellular |
| Are bacteria pathogenic? | yes, but only a minority |
| Archaea | lacks peptidoglycan;ermophiles are extremophiles, including halophiles, methanogens, and thermanophiles |
| Are archaea prokaryotes or eukaryotes? Unicellular or multicellular? | Prokaryotes, unicellular |
| Halophiles | Salt-loving |
| Hyperthermophiles | heat loving |
| Methanogens | produce methane; like anaerobic conditions |
| Eukarya | true nucleus; eukaryotes |
| 5 Kingdoms | monera, protists, fungi, plants, animals |
| Mnemonic for 5 Kingdoms | most people find plants attractive |
| Monera | unicellular organisms, found in domains bacteria and archae |
| Fungi | uni/multicellular organisms; have chitin in cell walls, ie mushrooms, yeasts(uni), molds(multi) |
| Protists | multicellular, have cellulose in cell walls, ie slime molds, protozoa, algae(unicellular) |
| plants | multicellular, ie mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants |
| animals | multicellular, ie sponges, worms, insects, vertebrates |
| Are viruses cellular or acellular? | acellular |
| taxonomy | organizing and naming |
| Carl Von Linneasu | 1700's, tried to organize into categories or taxa |
| Classification | evolution |
| Nomenclature | names |
| Identification | traits |
| 8 Major taxa | domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
| Mnemonic for 8 major taxa | Did King Phillip come over for great sex? |
| Binomial system | Staphylococcus areus(italicized or underlined), Genus then species, Genus capitalized, can be abbreviated S. aureus |
Created by:
karmpb27
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