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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "What type is HIV virus | ","Single stranded RNA virus." |
| "What are the subtypes of HIV | ","- HIV-1 - HIV-2" |
| "What are the characteristics of HIV | ","- Single strand RNA virus, from the family of retrovirus - Transmitted through body fluids including blood, semen, vaginal fluids, anal mucus fluid, and breast milk" |
| "What are the causes of true aneurysm | ","True aneurysm is formed by weakening and dilation of vessel wall. Causes: - Congenital: Marfan's, Ehlers-Danlos - Acquired: atherosclerosis - Infection: Syphilis" |
| "What are the causes of false aneurysm | ","False aneurysm is formed by damage to vessel wall leading to locally contained hematoma. Causes: - Trauma - Surgery" |
| "What is the difference between true and pseudoaneurysm | ","- True aneurysm is formed by weakening and dilation of arterial wall involving all 3 layers. - Pseudoaneurysm is a collection of blood between media and adventitia." |
| "Which layer is affected in pseudoaneurysm | ","- Tunica intima and media - Blood contained only by adventitia and surrounding tissue" |
| "Why does the patient have bleeding | ","- Trauma - Coagulopathy due to depletion of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors (1972) due to liver affection with HCV and HBV." |
| "What precautions are needed to stop bleeding | ","- Washing hands - Wearing double gloves - Surgical gown - Mask and overhead - Protective glasses - Stop bleeding by compression of the bleeding area" |