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Bio1 MidTerm 1of2

study guide for Ross midterm 1st semester end of 1st term

QuestionAnswer
1. How should you dispose of a preserved specimen? use a biohazard container
2. What is an independent variable? the cause, or the factor that is changed
3a. What part of a microscope adjusts the amount of light? diaphragm
3b. Where is the diaphragm of a microscope located? underneath, or below, the stage
4. Name 3 things you should never do with a heated test tube: don't touch it with your hands / don't point the open end toward anyone / don't smell it
5. If you have a problem or accident in lab, what should you do? report it to teacher immediately
6. Why should you never let a microscope lens touch the slide? could damage the microscope lens and / or slide
7. What is a micropipette used to measure? small volume(s) of liquid
8. What factors affect enzyme activity? temperature, pH, and substrate concentration
9. What type of bond attracts one water molecule to another? hydrogen bond
10. State the range of acid, base, and neutral on the pH scale. 0 - <7 = acid / 7 = neutral / >7 - 14 = base
11. Putting amino acids together makes what type of organic biomolecule? protein
12. What is the function of enzymes in organisms? to speed up chemical reactions by reducing the activation energy
13. What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons? covalent bonds
14. What property of water causes water molecules to stick to each other? cohesion
15. Sweat, which is mostly water, helps you cool down because of what property of water? high specific heat
16. State the 7 properties of living things: cellular organization / reproduction / metabolism / homeostasis / heredity / responsiveness / growth & development
17. The attraction between two oppositely charged atoms is what type of bond? ionic bond
18. What does the cell membrane do? controls what enters and leaves the cell and helps the cell communicate
19. What type of cell doesn't have a nucleus? prokaryotic
20. List the 4 levels of organization in multicellular organisms: cell / tissue / organ / organ system
36. Name a structure that can only be found in prokaryotic cells: circular chromosome / DNA
37. Name 2 structures that can only be found in eukaryotic cells: nucleus & membrane-bound organelles
38. Name 3 structures that are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: cell membrane, ribosomes, and cytoplasm
39. Name 3 structures not found in animal cells: cell wall, chloroplasts, & large vacuole
40. What organelle makes ATP? mitochondria
41. What organelles help with cell division (mitosis) in animal cells but NOT plant cells? centrioles
42. What organelle found in all cells performs a similar function to a gate on a fence? cell membrane
43. Name 2 structures found in animal cells that are not found in plant cells: centrioles & lysosomes
44. What is the function of a ribosome? produces proteins
45. What plant cell organelle is used primarily for storage? vacuole
46. What organelle is composed of a phospholipid bilayer? cell membrane
47. What is used to measure mass in a science lab? triple beam balance
48. What is another name for carbohydrates? sugars
49. Name 3 functions of lipids: cell membranes, water-proof coverings, and chemical messengers (like steroids)
50. Name the 3 parts of a nucleotide: phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, and nitrogen base
51. What cell organelle contains the cells genetic material and is the cell's control center? nucleus
52. What is the function of the cell wall? supports & protects the cell
53. What is the function of the cytoskeleton? helps cells maintain their shape
54. What organelle transports materials throughout the cell? endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
55. What organelles are used for packaging and shipping (or secretion)? Golgi apparatus
56. Where do most of a cell's metabolic processes take place? cytoplasm
57. What is the basic unit of structure in living things? cell
58. What is the magnification of a microscope that has a 10x eyepiece and a 4x objective? 40x (multiply the 2 numbers)
Created by: BayHighScience
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