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Histology Quiz
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is Histology? | The study of the tissues |
| What is a Tissue? | A group of cells within a similar structure working together to perform a similar job |
| What are the Four Types of Tissues? | Muscle Tissue, Nervous Tissue, Epithelial Tissue, Connective Tissue |
| What is an Epithelial Tissue? | Type of tissue that covers all internal and external surfaces, lines, body cavities, and makes up glands |
| Two Forms of Epithelial Tissue: | Covering/lining epithelium and glandular epithelium |
| Two surfaces of Epithelial Tissue: | Apical (not attached to surrounding tissue and exposed to outside or lining of an organ); Basal (attached to underlying Connective tissue) |
| What is the Basement Membrane? | It is the membrane in-between Epithelial and connective tissue |
| What functions and locations are of a Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue? | Thin and flat to allow easy diffusion; Found in lungs and blood vessels |
| What are the functions and locations of a Simple Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue? | Secretion and absorption; found in walls of glands and kidney tubules |
| What are the functions and locations of a Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue? | Absorption and secretion of mucus; found in digestive tract lining |
| What are the functions and locations of a Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue? | Protection from abrasion; found in skin, mouth, vagina, esophagus |
| What are the functions and locations of a Stratified Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue? | Very rare and protects ducts and glands from wear and tear; found in sweat glands and mammary ducts |
| What are the functions and locations of a Stratified Columnar Epithelial Tissue? | Rare and secretion in ducts and glands/protection for tissues; found in pharynx and male urethra |
| What are the functions and locations of a Transitional Epithelial Tissue? | Stretches easily; Forms lining of urinary organs, ureters, urinary bladder, and parts of the urethra |
| What are the functions and locations of a Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial Tissue? | Secretes mucus and propels particles forward using cilia; found in trachea and fallopian tubes |
| The muscle cell's job: | To contract and relax |
| The neuron's job: | Receive and pass impulses |
| The red blood cell's job: | Carries oxygen through the bloodstream |
| Proper CT (Connective Tissue) is divided into these two classes: | Loose CT and Dense CT |
| Example of Loose CT | Fats |
| Example of Dense CT | Tendons and ligaments |
| What substance fills spaces in between cells? | Matrix |
| Three types of Loose CT? | Areolar, Reticular, and Adipose (many spaces between fibers of the matrix) |
| Three types of Dense CT? | Regular, Irregular, and Elastic (few spaces between matrix; also called fibrous CT) |
| What is the most common type of CT in the body and what are its functions and locations? | Areolar (all 3 fiber types)--serves as packing material that wraps and cushions organs; found under Epithelial Tissues and around organs |
| What are the functions and locations of Reticular CT? | Only has reticular fibers--forms a soft skeleton that support other cells; found in lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow |
| Which Loose CT has very little matrix/mainly made of tightly packed adipocytes and what are its functions and locations? | Adipose--energy reserves, insulates body heat, and cushions organs; found under skin, around kidneys and heart |
| Which Dense CT has closely packed, parallel collagen fibers and strong when pulled in one direction and what are its functions and locations? | Regular--tendons connect muscle to bones/muscles: ligaments connect bones to bones; found in tendons and ligaments |
| Which Dense CT has randomly arranged collagen fibers and what are its functions and locations? | Strong when pulled in many directions; found in dermis, in fibrous coverings that surround organs and joints |
| Which Dense CT has a high number of elastic fibers in their Matrix and what are its functions and locations? | Elastic--allows tissue to bounce back after stretching; found in connecting vertebrae and in lungs |
| Functions of cartilage: | stands against compression and tension |
| Features of cartilage: | Avascular (no blood cells), no nerves, and has a rubber-like matrix--includes chondroblasts (immature cartilage cells) and chondrocytes (mature cartilage cells) to produce new matrix and hide behind the lecunae |
| Three types of Cartilage: | Hyaline (most common), Elastic, and Fibrocartilage |
| Blood Tissue is the only type of tissue that does not ________ things. It is also the only _______ type of CT | Connect; liquid |
| What is the matrix of blood tissue called and what fibers does it lack? | Plasma--lacks collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers |
| Three types of Blood Cells: | Red, White, Platelet |
| Formal name for Red Blood Cell and function: | Erythrocyte--transport oxygen and CO2 |
| Formal name for White Blood Cell and function: | Leukocyte--fight infections |
| Formal name for Platelet and function: | Thrombocyte--clot blood after injury |
| Bone is known as _______ tissue | Osseous |
| Functions of Bone Tissue: | Support, Protection |
| Features of Bone Tissue: | Stores calcium/produces blood cells, matrix is rigid, immature bone cells (osteoblasts) produce new bone matrix, and mature bone cells (osteocytes) hide behind lacunae, bone is composed of central canals and osteons |
| Two types of Bone: | Outer (compact) and Inner Bone (Spongy) |
| Muscle tissue is filled with _______ vessels and is considered __________ | Blood; Avascular |
| Muscles ______ when electricity is PRESENT, and muscles ________ when electricity is ABSENT | Contract; relax |
| Three types of muscle tissue: | Skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
| Location, type of control, and functions of Skeletal Muscle | Attached to bones and sometimes to skin (ex. face); voluntary control; function in movement, maintaining posture |
| Location, type of control, and functions of Skeletal Muscle | Found in heart; Mostly involuntary control; function to pump blood through arteries and veins |
| Location, type of control, and functions of Smooth Muscle | Found in many organs (ex. stomach, intestines, blood vessels, bladder, eye, and reproductive system); Involuntary control (contracting slowly); function in push and digest food and prepare childbirth through contractions |
| Muscle Tissue is _____% -______% of body mass and causes all bodily _________ | 40% to 50%; movements |
| Nervous Tissue is found where? | Central--Brain, Spinal Cord; Peripheral--Nerves |
| Functions of Nervous Tissue: | Sensory receptors (eyes, ears) gather information and send it to brain through sensory neurons; the brain decides response and sends to muscles or glands to cause a response |
| What are the two cells of Nervous Tissue? | Neurons and Neuroglial (or just Glial) Cells |
| Soma and Dendrites descriptions: | Soma--houses nucleus of neuron/cell body; Dendrites-- extensions around Soma that receive messages from other sensory inputs/other neurons; |
| Axon Terminal and Axon descriptions: | Axon Terminal--end from Axon that aids in neuron-to-neuron communication; Axon--carries electrical impulses away from cell body/Soma |
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IndiGaming
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