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Biodiversity 2025

TermDefinition
Heredity Passing traits from one generation to the next
Chromosome A strand of twisted DNA inside the nucleus of a cell
DNA The basic structure for ALL living things
Gene A section of DNA that's responsible for a certain trait
Types of Genes Dominant: ALWAYS shows when present Recessive: ONLY shows when two recessive alleles show up
Allele A form of a trait that is different from others
Nucleotide The building blocks for DNA/RNA ex: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
Base Pairs A pairs with T ONLY C pairs up with G ONLY In mRNA, U pairs up with T instead of A
mRNA mRNA stands for messenger RNA Single strand of genetic material that makes proteins
Amino Acids Building blocks to form proteins
Protein Large, complex molecules with important roles in the body
Trait A characteristic of an individual that is determined by DNA
Punnett Squares A table that predicts the genotype and phenotype of an organism
Homozygous When the allele pairs are the same (can be uppercase or lowercase) ex: BB, bb
Heterozygous When the allele pairs are opposite ex: Bb
Variation The different genetic makeup for each individual in a species, population, etc.
Mutation A random change in DNA of an organism
Sexual Reproduction When a male and female sex cells combine to create a new organism
Asexual Reproduction When an individual copies itself
Embryology The study of the development of vertebrate
Homologous Similarities shared by species that have descended from a common ancestor
Analogous Similarities shared by species that have evolved because of living in similar habitats/niches
Natural Selection Natural process of survival "survival of the fittest" NOT random
Artificial Selection Humans intentionally choose organisms with desirable traits to reproduce with those traits in future generations
Adaptation Traits that help organisms survive
Evolution Changes in organisms over time due to adaptations to change the environment
How does natural selection show over time evidence of evolution? Natural selection over time shows evidence of evolution by inherited traits in populations having a gradual change leads to adaptations
How do structures in embryonic development suggest evolutionary relationships? The structures in embryonic development suggest that species once had a common ancestor and evolution relationships in the past.
Created by: adelaidef
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