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step 2: Cardio5
Cardio 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the def. of Vtach? | 3+ PVCs and tachycardia |
| VTach appearance on ECG? | wide QRS without relationship to P waves |
| Rx of Vtach? | IV Amiodarone if pt is hemodynamically stable. Otherwise, electric cardioversion + antiarrhythmics + ICD if necessary |
| Vfib = ? | x_x if not treated ASAP! |
| Rx of Vfib (witnessed arrest vs unwitnessed)? | witnessed: cardioversion/defibrillator. unwitnessed: CPR (also done if defibrillator not available for >5min) |
| When do you shock asystole? | NEVER. EVER. |
| Name the rhythm: CHAOTIC wide QRS. | Vfib |
| Name the rhythm: wide QRS not ass'd with P waves 40-100 bpm | accelerated vent rhythm |
| Name the rhythm: narrow QRS, not ass'd with P wave, 100+ bpm | junctional tachycardia (remember narrow QRS always means AV node involved. "junctional" means AV node) |
| wide QRS not a/w Pwaves, 20-40bpm | ventricular rhythm |
| wide QRS not a/w Pwaves, 100+bpm | ventricular tachycardia |
| narrow QRS no a/w Pwaves, 60-100bpm | accelerated junctional rhythm |
| erratic QRS in a sine wave pattern | Torsades |
| Multifocal atrial rhythm (not tachycardia) is aka ___________ | wandering pacemaker |
| What is mgmt if ECG shows complete independence of P waves from QRS? | pacemaker |
| Rx of premature atrial contractions? | observation |
| What antiarrhythmic damages lung, liver, and thyroid? | amiodarone (TFT, PFT, LFT) |
| What causes Kussmaul's sign? Pulsus Paradoxus? | Kussmauls: decreased RV capacity (leading to increased JVD). Pulsus: decreased LV capacity (decreased systolic pressure with inspiration) |
| Which disease causes Kussmauls sign? | Constrictive pericarditis |
| Which disease causes Pulsus Paradoxus? | Cardiac tamponade |
| COPD causes (RHF/LHF) | RHF |
| What labs are raised in LHF? | BNP, N terminal pro-BNP |
| What does severe hyponatremia imply in a CHF patient? | poor prognosis; low Na+ is due to H2O retention--> due to low renal blood flow |
| What is the classic appearance of pericardial effusion on CXR? | globular heart |
| CHF + DM + raised LFTs = ? | hemochromatosis |
| How do you work-up a low grade systolic vs diastolic murmur, if there are no other symptoms? | systolic = no workup. diastolic = echo |
| short systolic mumur @ apex, decreased with squatting, associated with quick benign chest pain? | MVP |
| Pt with MS from RHD who is otherwise asymptomatic, maybe exhibit clinically symptomatic in what condition? | any volume overload (like pregnancy) |
| MCC of CHF in young patients | myocarditis |
| Hypotension, distant heart sounds, distended neck veins. What do these signify? | Becks triad: cardiac tamponade |
| LMNOPP stands for what Rx? | Rx of exacerbation of CHF. loops, morphine, nitrates/nesetide, O2, Position, Pressors (dobutamine) |
Created by:
jsad
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