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Biology Terms

Gr. 11 Bio

QuestionAnswer
What are chromosomes 1-22 called? Autosome
What is chromosome 23 (x and y) Sex chromosomes
Body cells Somatic cells
Sex/reproductive cells Gamete cells
1 copy of each gene Haploid
2 copies of each gene Diploid
Stretched out DNA (found in interphase) Chromatin
Half of a chromosome Chromatid
Two chromatids + a centromere Chromosome
Middle of a cell during division Equator
Either end of a cell during division Poles
Fibers that pull chromatid apart in anaphase Spindle Fibre
Cell division in body cells is ____ Mitosis
Cell division in sex cells is ______ Meiosis
When two homologous chromosomes line up on top of each other in meiosis Tetrad
when two homologous chromosomes swap sections of DNA to create variation Crossing Over
2 chromosomes with the same genetic content and size (roughly) Homologous Chromosomes
When do organelles start reforming? Cytokenisis
Normal cell function happens here - at the end of this phase the cell prepares for division Interphase
What is it called when chromatids do not separate properly? this happens in anaphase of meiosis Nondisjunction
A characteristic controlled by genetics A trait
A section of DNA (codes for a trait) Gene
Versions of genes Alleles
Combinations of alleles, represented using letters Genotypes
The physical representation of a genotype (tall, colourblind, ect) Phenotype
A genotype with the same alleles is _______ Homozygous
A genotype with different alleles is __________ Heterozygous
An allele that shows up if it is present Dominant
An allele that only shows up if there is no dominant allele Recessive
Created by: mollymurphy
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