Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Protein Synthesis

TermDefinition
Central Dogma DNA -Transcription> RNA -Translation> Proteins
DNA contains... genes (recipes to make proteins)
Proteins the essential molecule... to constructing and running a functional organism
The ribosome is responsible for... assembling proteins
DNA can't... leave the nucleus
RNA intermediary molecule to turn DNA into proteins
mRNA responsible for copying the recipe (gene) to make a protein and transporting it to the ribosome where the protein will be assembled
Transcription process of a sequence of DNA nucleotides being copied into mRNA
How does mRNA know where to begin transcribing? promoter regions (TATA box) section of DNA found at the beginning of a gene sequence. It's job is to get the attention of RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase an enzyme whose job is to transcribe DNA into mRNA
Introns... stay in the nucleus because they don't code for proteins (not transcribed)
Exons... are transcribed, exit the nucleus, and are used to make a protein (expressed)
RNA splicing enzymes cut out introns, so only exons are transcribed
Ribosome structure 1. has a large subunit binded with a small subunit at three different mRNA binding sites (E site, P site, A site) 2. rRNA (ribosomal RNA) makes up about 60% of ribosome structure (40% protein)
Ribosomes are essential to... protein synthesis because ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
The mRNA sequence is read and translated 3 nucleotides at a time. Each section of 3 nucleotides is called a... codon
Anticodon The complementary tRNA 3 nucleotide sequence
Translation 1. mRNA exits the nucleus and travels to the ribosomes 2. mRNA strand feeds through the ribosome like a dollar bill into a vending machine, entering next to the a site
Which two places in the cell can ribosomes be found? cytoplasm and rough endoplasmic reticulum
tRNA 1. translation RNA 2. decodes the mRNA strand into a sequence of amino acids 3. It is this sequence of amino acids that defines the structure and function of the protein
When do mutations occur? S phase (DNA replication)
Types of mutations 1. Substitution 2. Frameshift 3. Insertion 4. Deletion 5. Point Mutation
Substitution 1 nucleotide (base pair) is substituted for another (can happen if DNA polymerase doesn't catch a mistake when proofreading a new DNA strand
Frameshift mutations that add or remove nucleotides result in a frameshift which is a change is the entire reading sequence after that mutation
Insertion Extra nucleotides are added to sequence
Deletion Nucleotide(s) are removed from sequence during replication
Point Mutation Substitution, Insertion, or deletion of one nucleotide
Created by: 9002457
Popular Biology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards