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Genes

8th Grade Unit 23

TermDefinition
Heredity the passing on of genes and genetic traits from parent to offspring
Parent a person who contributes either an egg or sperm to a child, and is therefore genetically linked to the child
Offspring the young born of living organisms, produced either by a single organism or, in the case of sexual reproduction, two organisms
Inherited Trait a characteristic that is passed down from parents to their children through DNA
Dominant Trait a genetic characteristic that is expressed when an individual inherits at least one dominant allele for that trait.
Recessive Traits a characteristic that only appears when an organism inherits two recessive alleles for that trait
Nucleus a cell structure that contains chromosomes and controls a cell's growth
Cell the smallest unit of life, considered the basic building block of all living organisms, which is self-contained and can carry out life functions
Chromosomes a thread-like structure inside a cell's nucleus that carries genetic information in the form of DNA
DNA a molecule found inside cells that holds the genetic instructions for an organism
Gene a specific section of DNA that contains instructions for making a protein, which ultimately determines a particular trait or characteristic in an organism
Alleles a different version of the same gene, meaning you inherit one copy of a gene from each parent
Phenotype the observable characteristics or traits of an organism
Homozygous having two identical copies of the same gene, one inherited from each parent, for a specific trait
Heterozygous an organism has two different versions (alleles) of the same gene, one inherited from each parent, resulting in a genetic makeup where the alleles for a specific trait are not identical
Created by: klstorie
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