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Vocab quiz*
Biology vocab words for chapter 2 and 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Covalent Bond | A type of strong chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons |
| Dalton | A measure of mass for atoms and subatomic particles |
| Electron shell | An energy level represented as as the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom. |
| Electron | A subatomic particle with a single negitive charge. |
| Electronegativity | The attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond |
| Element | Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance. |
| Energy level | Any of several different states of potential energy for electrons in an atom. |
| Energy | The capacity to do work (move matter against an opposing force) |
| Hydrogen Bond | A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom. |
| ion | An atom taht that has gained or lost electrons gaining a charge |
| Adhesion | The attraction between different kinds of molecules |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy of motion |
| Polar Molecule | A molecule with opposite charges on opposite sides (ex. water) |
| Solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| Solution | A liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. |
| Solvent | The dissolving agent of a solution |
| Specific heat | The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of a substance. |
| hydrophilic | Having an affinity for water |
| hydrophobic | having an aversion to water. |
| ionic bond | Chemical bond results from the attraction beteewn oppositely chrged ions. |
| Ionic compound | Compound resulting from the formation of a ionic bond. |
| isotope | one of several atomic forms of an element, each containing a different number of nuetrons and thus differing in atomic mass. |
| mass number | Sum of protons and nuetrons in an atoms nucleus |
| Matter | Anything that takes up space and has mass |
| Molecular formula | type of molecular notation indicating only the quanity of the constituent atoms |
| molecule | Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. |
| Neutron | A neutral partical found in the nucleus |
| Nonpolar covalent bond | type of covalent bond where electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar electronegitivity. |
| Potential energy | energy stored by matter as a result of its location or spatial arrangment |
| product | An ending material in a chemical reaction |
| Proton | Particle with a positive electrical charge. |
| radioactive isotope | An isotope that is unstable |
| reactant | a starting material in a chemical reaction |
| salt | a compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond. |
| structual formula | Type of molecular notation in which the constituent atoms are joined by lines repressenting covalent bonds. |
| trace element | an element indispensable for life but required in extremely minute amounts. |
| valence electrons | an electron in the outter most electron shell |
| valence shell | the outermost energy shell of an atom |
| valence | the bonding capacity of an atom |
| van der waals interactions | weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that are brought about by localized charged fluctuations. |
| pH | A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H]+ ranging for 0 to 14 |
| Surface tension | measure of how diffulcult is is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid. |
| temperature | a measure of the intensity of heat in degrees |
| cohesion | the binding together of like molecules |
| evaporative cooling | property of a liquid where the surface becomes cooler durning evaporation |
| heat of vaporization | quanity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state |
| hydrogen ion | single proton with a charge of 1+ |
| anion | negatively charged ion |
| atom | smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element |
| atomic nucleus | atom's central core. contains protons and nuetrons |
| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic mass | total mass of an atom |
| Cation | a positively charged ion |
| chemical bond | an attraction between two atoms |
| chemical equilibruim | In a reversible chemical reaction, the point at which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. |
| chemical reaction | a process leadng to chemical changes in matter |
| compound | substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio |
Created by:
marinegirl456
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