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Easy Assessment
NRN 101 - Ch 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Skin | Integuentary system |
| Epidermis | outer layer, squamous epithelial tissue |
| Stratum Corneum | most superficial layer of epidermis |
| Stratum Germinativum | deeper basal layer of epidermis |
| melanocytes | give skin color, made in stratum conreum |
| dermis | thick deeper layer of skin, connective tissue and matrix --- action layer of skin - vessels, glands and blood supply, wound healing |
| sebaceous glands | produce sebum |
| eccrine glands | sweat glands (watery sweat) |
| apocrine glands | sweat glands (milky white sweat) |
| who's more prone to skin disease, infection, problems with healing, hypothermia and tissue atrophy | elderly |
| what's hair made of? | keritin |
| arrector pili | muscles that cause goosebumps |
| Lanugo | downy hair on newborns covers entire body, shed within 2 weeks |
| what do you need for a skin assessment? | clear ruler, tongue blade, penlight, woods lamp and magnifying glass |
| Mongolian spots | irregulary shaped blue pigmentation found in africa, asian or latin descent populations |
| how do you evaluate skin turgor? | tent skin on forearm |
| diaphoresis | excessive sweating |
| localized warmth | infection, inflammation or burn |
| normal variations? | birthmarks, freckles and moles (nevi) |
| primary lesions | new |
| secondary lesions | changes in a primary lesion |
| solid lesions | papules, nodules, wheals and hives |
| fluid filled lesions | vescilces, bullae, pustules, and cysts |
| blue green lesion with wood lamp? | fungal infection |
| macule | flat, circumscribed areas of altered skin color |
| papule | raised circumscribed solid area |
| vesicle | circumscribed elevated lesion contains serous fluid |
| nevus | mole |
| how to assess nail circulation | press nailbed and release, color should return quickly. |
| angle of normal nail | >180 degrees |
| clubbing | nail angle >180 degrees |
| Cafe-au-lait spots (cafe'o'lay) | flat, light brown hyperpigmented macules or patches on skin |
| Cherry Angiomas (ange-omas) | tiny, bright red, round pauples that can become brown overtime |
| Hemangiomas (heman-ge-omas) | port-wine stains or birth marks |
| Psoriasis | chronic disease of epidermal thickeningred bases topped with silvery scales |
| contact dermitis | inflamatory disorder as a result of contact with an irritant |
| urticaria (hives) | allergic reation |
| herpes zoster | group of vesciles or crusted lesions along nerve root |
| tinea corporis (ringworm) | round red scarly lesions with intense itching |
| scabies | mites burrow into skin and cause lesions |
| Papules | small raised circumscribed red to purple lesions |
| pressue ulcers | skin or tissue breakdown caused by prolonged pressure |
| pruitus | itching sensation common symptom of skin disorders |
| purpuric lesions | caused by red blood cells and blood pigments |
| petechiae | purpuric lesion caused by capillary fragility |
| ecchymoses | purpuric lesion - bluish or purplish discoloration after injury to vessl walls |
| hematoma | purpuric lesion - caused by masses of blood that accumulates after break in blood vessel |
| scar | new collagen fibers replacing normal skin after injury |
| telangiactases | weblike pattern of blood vessels |
| urticaria | pruitic wheals |
| vesicular rash | blisterlike lesions |
| alopecia | hair loss |
| hirsutism | excessive hair |
| beau's lines | depressions in nail bed |
| koilonychia | thin spoon shaped nails |
| muehrcke lines | white lines that go transverse over nailbed |
| onycholysis | loosening of nail from bed |
| terry's nails | lunula cant be seen, nailbeds are white |
| if your patient has a skin rash, you should ask specific questions to determine whether or not the patients parents has a history of...? | allergies |
| a Woods lamp is used to identify...? | ringworm |
| asymetric borders on a lesion suggest...? | malignant lesion |
| skin temperature is best assessed with...? | back of hand |
| dark band is a normal finding on the nails of....? | dark-skinned people |
| as you assess your patient, you notice clubbed fingers, this is a sign of...? | hypoxia |
Created by:
lauraeny
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