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Renal Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dysuria | painful urination |
| Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) | rate at which the plasma is filtered through the glomeruli of the kidney |
| Hematuria | blood in the urine |
| Micturition | releasing of the urine from the urinary bladder |
| Nocturia | voiding two or more times a night |
| Urea | end product of protein metabolism, eliminated in the urine |
| BUN | blood test that measures urea levels and helps to determine renal function and the elimination of nitrogenous waste products |
| Creatinine | blood test that measures creatinine levels which is a by product of the breakdown of muscle that is excreted by the kidneys |
| Cystectomy | complete surgical removal of the urinary bladder and adjacent muscles and tissues |
| Cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| Hydronephrosis | distention of the kidney pelvis and calyces with urine behind the obstruction |
| Lithiasis | stone formation |
| Lithotripsy | crushing of renal calculi |
| Neurogenic Bladder | dysfunctional urinary bladder due to lesion of central or peripheral nervous system |
| Pyelonephritis | upper urinary tract inflammation affecting the kidney and renal pelvis |
| Renal Colic | acute, severe, intermittent pain in the flank and upper outer abdominal quadrant generally associated with acute obstruction of a ureter and resulting in ureteral spasm |
| Ureteral Stent | thin catheter is inserted into the ureter to provide for urine flow and urethral support |
| Uretroplasty | surgical repair of a ureter |
| Urinary Calculi | calculi or stones in the urinary tract |
| Urinary Diversion | procedure to provide for urine collection and drainage following cystectomy. Most common is the ileal conduit, |
| Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) | rapid decline in renal function with azotemia and fluid and electrolyte imbalances |
| Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) | syndrome of abrupt and progressive decline in tubular and glomerular function |
| Azotemia | increased blood levels of nitrogenous waste products |
| Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) | presence of kidney damage for 3 or more months with loss of nephron units and decreased renal mass leading to progressive deterioration of glomerular filtration, tubular secretion and reabsorption |
| Dialysis | diffusion of solute molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration |
| Glomerulornephritis | inflammation of the capillary loops of the glomeruli |
| Hemodialysis | procedure in which electrolytes, waste products, and excess water are removed from the body by diffusion and ultrafiltration as blood passes by an artificial semipermeable membrane outside the body |
| Kidney Failure | inability of the kidneys to effectively remove accumulated metabolites from the blood, leading to altered fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance |
| Nephrectomy | surgical removal of the kidney |
| Nephrotic Syndrome | condition marked by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edem |
| Oliguria | urine output of less than 400 mL in 24 hours |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | procedure in which electrolytes , waste products, and excess water are removed from the body by diffusion using the peritoneum surrounding the abdominal cavity as the dialyzing membrane |
| Proteinuria | abnormal proteins in the urine |
| Ultrafiltration | removal of excess body water using a hydrostatic pressure gradient |
| Uremia | urine in the blood |
| Ecchymoses | flat irregularly shaped bruising of varying size with no pulsation |
Created by:
mwendte
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