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CARDIO EXAM 1

GENERICBRANDCLASSMOASOADOSESADR/DDI
Atorvastatin Lipitor HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor Inhibits synthesis of cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase Acts in the liver Moderate intensity: 10-20mg po daily High intensity: 40-80mg po daily Do not use during pregnancy/liver disease Can cause hepatotoxicity and SAMS at high doses statin/gemfibrozil(lopid) interaction, increased risk of myopathy
Rosuvastatin Crestor HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor Inhibits synthesis of cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase Acts in the liver Moderate intensity: 5-10mg po daily High intensity: 20-40mg po daily Do not use during pregnancy/liver disease Can cause hepatotoxicity and SAMS at high doses statin/gemfibrozil(lopid) interaction, increased risk of myopathy
Simvastatin Zocor HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor Inhibits synthesis of cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase Acts in the liver Low intensity: 10 mg po QHS Moderate intensity: 20-40mg po QHS Do not use during pregnancy /liver disease Can cause hepatotoxicity and SAMS at high doses statin/gemfibrozil(lopid) interaction, increased risk of myopathy
Lovastatin Mevacor HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor Inhibits synthesis of cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase Acts in the liver Low intensity: 20mg po QHS Moderate intensity: 40-80mg po QHS Do not use during pregnancy/liver disease Can cause hepatotoxicity and SAMS at high doses statin/gemfibrozil(lopid) interaction, increased risk of myopathy
Pravastatin Pravachol HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor Inhibits synthesis of cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase Acts in the liver Low intensity: 20mg po QHS Moderate intensity: 40-80mg po QHS Do not use during pregnancy/liver disease Can cause hepatotoxicity and SAMS at high doses statin/gemfibrozil(lopid) interaction, increased risk of myopathy
Ezetimibe Zetia NPC1L1 antagonist (Cholesterol absorption inhibitor) Decreases chylomicron production by blocking NPC1L1, the pump that move dietary cholesterol into the cell Acts in the GIT 10mg po daily Do not use during pregnancy/breastfeeding or in severely liver impaired Do not use with gemfibrozil or bile acid binders
Alirocumab Praluent PCSK9 (binding) inhibitor Binds to PCSK9 so that it cannot degrade LDL receptors Acts in the liver 75-150mg subq q2 weeks Injection site issues Hypersensitivity, headache, nasopharyngitis
Evolocumab Repatha PCSK9 (binding) inhibitor Binds to PCSK9 so that it cannot degrade LDL receptors Acts in the liver 140mg subq q2 weeks 420mg subq q 30 days Injection site issues Hypersensitivity, headache, nasopharyngitis
Inclisiran Leqvio PCSK9 (synthesis) inhibitor Interferes with mRNA in synthesis on PCSK9 so it cannot go on the degrade LDL receptors Acts in the liver 282mg subq First dose, then dose after 3 months, then every 6 months Injection site issues Antibody development
Bempedoic Acid Nexletol ACL (adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase) inhibitor Blocks ACL, the enzyme that turns citrate into acetyl, thus blocking the conversion of acetyl into cholesterol Acts in the liver 180mg po daily Can cause gout (hyperuricemia), fetal damage, tendon rupture, myopathy
Fenofibrate Tricor Fibric acid derivative Increase expression of LPL, which decreases serum TG Acts in the capillaries 30-125mg po daily Not recommended in patients with liver/kidney dysfunction
Gemfibrozil Lopid Fibric acid derivative Increase expression of LPL, which decreases serum TG Acts in the capillaries 600mg po bid Statin and zetia interaction Not recommended in patients with liver/kidney dysfunction
Omega-3 fatty acids Lovaza Omega-3 fatty acids Suppress VLDL synthesis by unknown mechanism Acts in the liver min. 1g per day Generally safe
Icosapent ethyl Vascepa Omega-3 fatty acids Suppress VLDL synthesis by unknown mechanism Acts in the liver 2g po bid (min. 1g per day) Generally safe
Nicotinic acid Niacin/Niaspan CPR109A (NIACR1) agonist Inhibits lipolysis (in the liver), the process that puts fatty acids in the liver to create TG Increases LPL activity in adipose tissue to decrease TG levels Inhibits fatty acid transport into liver and increases LPL activity in adipose tissue Flushing and dyspepsia, DDI with aspirin, hepatotoxicity at 2g dose, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, birth defects
Simvastatin (zocor) + ezetimibe (zetia) Vytorin Block NPC1L1 and HMG-CoA reductase because they compensate for each other Block NPC1L1 and HMG-CoA reductase because they compensate for each other In the liver (statin) and in the GIT (zetia) Can drop TC by 60%
Colesevelam Welchol Bile acids binder Use positive charge to bind to negatively charged cholesterol in bile acid and eliminate it through feces Acts in the GIT Can be used in pregnant Bloating, constipation
Cholestyramine Prevalite Bile acids binder Use positive charge to bind to negatively charged cholesterol in bile acid and eliminate it through feces Acts in the GIT Can be used in pregnant Bloating, constipation
Colestipol Colestid Bile acids binder Use positive charge to bind to negatively charged cholesterol in bile acid and eliminate it through feces Acts in th GIT Can be used in pregnant Bloating, constipation
Lomitapide Juxtapid Microsomal TG transfer protein (MTP) INHIBITOR Blocks chylomicron production in the intestines Blocks VLDL production in liver Acts in both the liver and the GIT Use on primary hyperlipidemia patients (homo650-1000/hetero300-600) GI distress, hepatotoxicity, teratogenic, 3A4, sim, ator, lova statins (SAL) interactions
Orlistat Xenical; Alli Gastric lipase antagonist
Bempedoic acid (nexletol) + ezetimibe (zetia) Nexlizet
Created by: beezy41
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