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GHS Cell Biology
Cell Anatomy & Physiology GHS
| Question | Answer | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active transport – | energy requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against concentration difference | chromosome – | threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next | ||||
| cell – | collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic unit of all forms of life | cytoplasm – | material inside the cell membrane – not including the nucleus | ||||
| cell membrane | collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic unit of all forms of life | cytoskeleton – | network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement | lipid bilayer – | double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes | ||
| cell specialization – | separate roles for each type of cell in multicellular organisms | endoplasmic reticulum – | internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified | lysosome – | cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell | ||
| cell theory – | idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells | eukaryote – | organism whose cells contain nuclei | mitochondrion – | cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use | ||
| vacuole – | cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates | ||||||
| centrioles – one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelop | . centrioles – one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelop | golgi apparatus – | stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum | nuclear envelope – | layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell | ||
| chloroplast – organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy | organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy | hypertonic – | when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes | nucleolus – | small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins | ||
| isotonic – | when the concentration of two solutions is the same | hypotonic – | when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes | nucleus – | the structure that contains the cell’s genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell’s activites |
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JDodgeGHS
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