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Rocks & Minerals 1
6th Grade Science: Unit 6 - Minerals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define: mineral | A mineral is a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. |
| Name 5 characteristics of minerals | (1) Naturally Formed; (2) Inorganic; (3) always solid (with a definite volume and a definite shape); (4) Crystalline Structure; (5) Definite chemical composition Nana Is So Crazy Cold |
| Define: Inorganic | cannot arise from materials that were once part of a living thing |
| Define: Crystalline Structure | particles must line up in a pattern that repeats |
| What are the flat sides of a crystal called? | faces |
| Define: Definite Chemical Composition | always contains certain elements in definite proportions |
| Define: naturally occurring | substance found in nature |
| What are the 8 physical properties that can be used to identify a mineral | color, cleavage, streak, density, crystal, luster, hardness, fracture Cobb County School District Closes Love Hate Fight |
| Minerals are divided into what 2 groups? | (1) silicate minerals (2) nonsilicate minerals |
| Define: silicate minerals | Minerals that contain silicon and oxygen are silicate minerals. They usually combine with aluminum, iron, magnesium, and potassium. (90% of Earth’s crust) |
| Define: nonsilicate minerals | Minerals that do not contain a combination of the elements silicon and oxygen (Some of these minerals are made up of elements such as carbon, oxygen, fluorine, and sulfur) |
| Define: element | a substance composed of a single kind of atom. |
| Define: compound | two or more elements combined so that the elements no longer have their original distinct properties. |
| How is hardness used to identify minerals? | measures how resistant a mineral is to scratching or indention |
| How is color used to identify minerals? | used only to identify a few minerals (this is because of factors, such as impurities.) |
| How is streak used to identify minerals? | observe a streak (the color of the powder left behind) by rubbing a mineral against a piece of unglazed tile. (e.g., pyrite has a gold color, but a greenish black streak. Real gold produces a golden yellow streak) |
| How is luster used to identify minerals? | observe how a mineral reflects lights from its surface (e.g., shiny, bright, metallic, silky, glassy, earthy, waxy, pearly) |
| How is density used to identify minerals? | the size of the mineral may change, but the density will always be the same (since density is the mass in a given space). To find the density, find the mass on the scale. Then drop the mineral in a graduated cylinder. The amount of water that rises (displacement) is the volume. Then divide the mass by the volume. |
| Define: Crystal Structure | particles must line up in a pattern that repeats |
| How is crystal structure used to identify minerals? | There are six groups of structures based on the number and angle of the crystal faces. |
| How is cleavage used to identify minerals? | does a mineral split easily along flat surface? If yes, it has this property |
| How is fracture used to identify minerals? | how does a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way. |
| Define: Moh’s Hardness Scale | ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest (1 |
| Rocks are made of minerals, but are minerals made of rocks? | no |
| Minerals that glow under ultraviolet light have what special property? | fluorescence |
| Which mineral reacts to an acid? | calcite |
| Which mineral is a natural magnet that attract iron? | magnetite |
| Which mineral has a salty taste? | Halite (Salt / NaCl) |
| Minerals that cause a double image have what special property? | refraction |
| Which mineral can cause a double image? | Calcite |
| Which mineral is radioactive (contains radium or uranium)? | Uranite |
| Which mineral produces a small electric current and is used in radio transmitters and watches? | quartz |
| What is the difference between a rock and a mineral? | both are naturally occurring solids, but: a rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals a mineral always has the same composition and same properties, but a rock does not |
| Hot water deep within Earth can _________________________ minerals and transport them someplace else. | dissolve minerals |
| What element(s) does a mineral need have to be classified as a silicate? | Silicone and Oxygen |
| Name a mineral that can be identified using taste. | Halite |
| A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter is called what? | a rock |
Created by:
Engle Family
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