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Cells - Part 1

Types and structure

QuestionAnswer
cell basic unit of life
cell membrane the semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell and allows food to enter and waste to exit.
cell wall A rigid outer layer of the plant cell; provides protection and support for the plant cells
chloropyll a green pigment in some plant cell's chloroplasts; absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis
Chloroplast an organelle found in plant cells, uses energy from the sun to create photosynthesis, making food for the plant in the form of sugar (glucose)
cytoplasm the jelly-like fluid, inside the cell, that holds the organelles in place
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) A folded membrane that transports materials throughout the cell: can be rough ( has ribosomes) or smooth ( no ribosomes)
Golgi apparatus ( Golgi body) stores and packages materials that will be leaving the cell (shipping department); modifies proteins made by the cell
lysosomes Contains powerful chemicals that break down harmful molecules. Recycles worn out parts.
mitochondria Breaks down sugar to release energy; powerhouse of the cell
nucleolus Makes ribosomes.
nucleus Control center of the cell. Contains DNA.
photosynthesis Process that plants use to turn sunlight into energy
plant cell 1) have cell wall 2) have chlorophyll/chloroplasts needed for photosynthesis. 3) large vacuoles
ribosomes make proteins for the cell
vacuole Stores food, nutrients, water and waste for the cell. It is very large in plant cells.
unicellular Organisms made of 1 cell.
multicellular Organsisms made of many cells.
organelles Structures inside of the cell.
prokaryotic A type of cell that is very basic internal structure.
eukaryotic A type of cell with complex internal structures.
Created by: laurencorcoran
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