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AP Bio - Cell Intro

Mrs. Welch's class; Mader Ch. 4

QuestionAnswer
rod-shaped bacteria Bacillus
spherical-shaped bacteria Coccus
spiral-shaped bacteria Spirilla
bacteria that live in extreme habitats Archaea
elongated, hollow appendage used to transfer DNA to other bacteria cells sex pilus
hairlike adhesions that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces fimbriae
a long rotating filament in some bacteria that propels it forward; a whiplike tail flagellum
cell membrane fold in a bacteria that increases surface area mesosome
cell membrane fold in a bacteria that increases surface area mesosome
gel-like polysaccharide coating on the outside of a bacteria cell glycocalyx
stored nutrients for later use in a bacteria cell inclusion body
circular, extrachromosomal DNA in a bacteria cell plasmid
organelle that stores and protects DNA nucleus
dense region of the nucleus that makes ribosomes nucleolus
structural polysaccharide in the cell wall cellulose
organelle that is a network of membranes that aid in the production of proteins rough endoplasmic reticulum
organelle that is a network of membranes that aid in the production of lipids smooth endoplasmic reticulum
organelle that deals with the detoxification of drugs smooth endoplasmic reticulum
organelle that links amino acids to make proteins ribosome
only "organelle" that is found in plants, animals, and bacteria ribosome
organelle that modifies, packages, sorts, and transports proteins Golgi apparatus
side of the Golgi apparatus where the vesicles enter, near the ER cis face
side of the Golgi appartus where the vesicles leave, near the cell membrane trans face
organelle that is the site of cellular respiration mitochondrion
organelle that breaks down cellular waste and transports it back to the cytoplasm lysosome
organelle that is made of 9 microtubule triplets arranged in a ring centriole
organelle that duplicates and migrates during cell division, helping to reduce errors centrioles
organelle that is a single membrane bound sac used for storage vacuole
organelle that is controls turgor pressure in plant cells central vacuole
scientist who stated that all cells come from other cells Virchow
scientist who stated that all animals are made of cells Schwann
scientist who stated that all plants are made of cells Schleiden
scientist who identified and named cells Hooke
scientist who made better lenses and saw living cells in pond water Leeuwenhoek
scientist who identified the nucleus Brown
semifluid matrix outside the nucleus that contains the organelles cytoplasm
organelle that converts hydrogen perioxide to water perioxisome
a stack of chlorophyll-containing thylakoids in the chloroplast granum
organelle that is the site of photosynthesis chloroplast
organelle that consists of protein fibers that maintain cell shape and assist movement of cell parts cytoskeleton
microscope that uses light to see a specimen, has low resolution compound light microscope
microscope that uses electrons to scan the surface of a specimen scanning electron microscope
microscope that uses electrons to pass through a specimen and view the interior transmission electron microscope
microscope that uses a laser beam to scan the specimen and create a digital image confocal microscope
smallest fiber in the cytoskeleton, 7-8 nm diameter actin filaments
medium fiber in the cytoskeleton, 10 nm in diameter intermediate filaments
thickest fiber in the cytoskeleton, 25 nm in diameter microtubules
cytoskeleton part that functions in movement of amoebas and muscles contractions actin filaments
cytoskeleton part that gives strength and structure, like using keratin in hair and nails intermediate filaments
cytoskeleton part made of 13 rows of tubulin dimers microtubules
plant poison that blocks the assembly of microtubules by binding tubulin colchicine
microscope that can be used to view large specimens and not individual cells stereoscopic microscope
attempts to explain the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts endosymbiotic theory
cytoskeleton components from smallest to largest diameters actin filaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
why all cells are small large surface-to-volume ratio
Created by: mrsjwelch
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