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Musculoskeletal
Musculoskeletal system - axial and appendicular skeletons, cartilage
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 5 Functions of the skeleton | Support Protection Movement Make blood components Storage |
| Main parts of the skeleton | 1. Axial skeleton 2. Appendicular skeleton |
| Axial skeleton location | Runs down the centre of the body |
| Axial skeleton consists of: | Skull Vertebrae Ribs Sternum |
| Appendicular skeleton location | Runs along the side of the body |
| Appendicular skeleton consists of: | Pectoral girdle (clavicule and scapula) Pelvic girdle Attached limbs (arms and legs) |
| Skull name Make up | Cranium Consists of many fused bones |
| Number of ribs in the skeleton | 12 pairs (24) |
| What do vertebrae form? | Forms the spine |
| Number of vertebrae | 33 |
| Number of subsections of vertebrae | 5 |
| How are vertebrae separated? | By discs of cartilage |
| Why is cartilage necessary in the spine? | To absorb shock |
| Vertebrae subsections | Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrum Coccyx |
| What part of the skeleton does the cervical vertebrae form? | The neck |
| How many vertebrae in the cervical subsection? | 7 vertebrae |
| What part of the skeleton does the thoracic vertebrae hold? | Holds the ribs |
| How many vertebrae in the thoracic subsection? | 12 vertebrae |
| Name of the ribs directly connected to the sternum | True ribs |
| Number of true ribs | First seven |
| Name of the ribs connected indirectly to the sternum | False ribs |
| Number of false ribs | Three |
| Name of the ribs not connected to the sternum | Floating ribs |
| Number of floating ribs | Two |
| What part of the skeleton does the lumbar vertebrae form? | Forms the lower back |
| Number of vertebrae in the lumbar section | 5 vertebrae |
| What part of the skeleton does the sacrum connect to? | Fused, connects spinal column to the pelvic girdle |
| Number of vertebrae in the sacrum subsection | 5 vertebrae |
| What part of the skeleton does the coccyx form? | The tailbone |
| Number of vertebrae in the coccyx subsection | 4 vertebrae, fused |
| Appendicular skeleton Arm comprised of: | Humerus Radius (thumb) Ulna (pinky) Carpals (wrist) Metacarpals (bones of hand) Phalanges (bones in fingers) |
| What does the pectoral girdle consist of? | Clavicle (collarbone) Scapula (shoulder blade) |
| What does the Pelvic girdle consist of? | Hip bones and the sacrum |
| Leg comprised of: | Femur Patella (kneecap) Fibula (calf) Tibia (shin) Tarsals (ankle) Metatarsals (bones of foot) Phalanges (bones in toes)s |
| What is cartilage made of? | Mainly made of protein (collagen) |
| What is cartilage? | Connective tissue |
| Where is cartilage found? | Smooth layer found at the end of some mature bones. Makes up the structure of your nose and pin a (ear) |
| 2 functions of cartilage | 1. Shock absorber 2. Reduces friction between bones |
| How do bones form? | Start out as cartilage As it matures is becomes harder and more rigid |
| Name of when bones become harder and more rigid | Ossified |
Created by:
EObrienHart
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