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Stress
patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what kind of stress stimulates a person positively, i.e. getting married, playing sports? | eustress |
| what kind of stress stimulates a person negatively, i.e. getting a divorce, losing a job? | distress |
| acute stress | a response to intermittent stimuli, varies in intensity; ends after threat avoided |
| what kind of stress occurs from prolonged activation of stress response to a perceived threat that does not abate (lessen) rapidly? | chronic stress |
| what are the 3 stages of stress? | 1) alarm 2) resistance 3) exhaustion |
| this stage of stress is also known as the "fight or flight" stage | alarm stage |
| 1)when the body receives a stress stimulant, what nervous system is activated? 2)what hormones are released? | 1)sympathetic 2)epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| The catecholamines are released when the _________ _________ is stimulated by the _________ nervous system | adrenal gland, sympathetic |
| The catecholamines are found in the ____________ of the ________ __________ | medulla, adrenal gland |
| difference between epinephrine and norepinephrine: | epinephrine: increases BP, alertness, and attention norepinephrine: increases HR, and relaxes airway muscles |
| what are the actions that epinephrine and norepinephrine do? | -increases: BP, BG, heart rate, respiration, blood flow to muscles, and perspiration. -decreases: GI tract activity, urine production -dilates pupil |
| After the release of the catecholamines, the ... is stimulated to release... | hypothalamus gland corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) |
| CRF stimulates the ... to release... | anterior pituitary, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
| ACTH stimulates the ... to release... | adrenal cortex, cortisol |
| going from the release of catecholamines to the release of cortisol is called the... | HPA axis |
| The release of cortisol is the beginning of the _______________ stage | resistance |
| what are the 4 functions of cortisol? | it regulates the body's stress response by... 1)maintaining BP levels 2)maintaining BG levels 3)Regulates inflammatory response 4)Stimulates the production of WBCs |
| What is the point of the resistance stage? | to help the body adapt and sustain the response to a stressor over a longer period |
| What are 5 symptoms from the resistance stage? | - increased HR - HTN - decrease in immune function - fatigue - irritability |
| What are the 2 other hormones that place a role in stress response? | ADH and aldosterone |
| List 6 illnesses that can occur from from prolonged stress: | - HTN - Heart disease - Diabetes - Depression/anxiety - GI issues - Autoimmune diseases |
| when stress is relieved, the ___________ nervous system induces relaxation | parasympathetic |
| what are 6 actions of the parasympathetic nervous system? | - Lowers heart rate - Lowers BP - Stimulates digestion - Slows breathing - Relaxes muscles - Enhances immune function |
Created by:
akgross
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