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NCC -A & P
Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the smallest unit of an element with that element's chemical characteristics? | An atom |
| What are the 3 subatomic particles that an atom is composed of? | Protons, neutrons, and electrons |
| What do you call anything that occupies space and has weight? | Matter |
| What is a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler form by ordinary chemical reactions? | Elements |
| What are the basic forms of energy? | Mechanical, chemical, thermal, radiant, electrical, and nuclear |
| What is energy that causes movement? | Mechanical |
| What is energy stored in chemical bonds? For example, fuel to do work like running. | Chemical |
| Which type of energy is released from the movement of charged particles? | Electrical |
| Light is an example of what type of energy? | Radiant |
| Energy tranferred because of a temperature difference is known as __________. | Thermal |
| What is the ability to perform work called? | Energy |
| A substance that is being dissolved and which is present in the smaller amount is refered to as the _______________. | Solute |
| In what 3 forms can you find a solute? | Solid, liquid, and gas |
| What would be considered the solute in salt water? | Salt |
| In a solution, which part is present in the greater amount? | Solvent |
| In an aqueous solution, what part makes up the solvent? | Water |
| A solution where the solvent is alcohol is known as _____________. | Tincture |
| In the nucleus of an atom, what two numbers do you add together to get the atomic weight? | Protons and neutrons |
| If an atom had 6 protons and 5 neutrons, what would it's atomic weight be? | 11 |
| What does ATP stand for? | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| What role does ATP have in the human body? | energy transfer |
| What do you call chemical substances that help speed up the rate of a chemical reaction? | Catalysts |
| What do you call proteins that perform the role of catalyst? | Enzymes |
| What is the most abundant compound in the body? | Water |
| What are the 5 reasons that water is so important within the human body? | Water is the universal solvent, Water is a temperature regulator, Water is an ideal lubricant, Water is used in chemical reactions, and Water is a protective device |
| What does Na+ stand for? | Sodium |
| What is the symbol for bicarbonate? | HC03 |
| What do you call positively charged ions? | Cations |
| What do you call negatively charged ions? | Anions |
| What is a unit of measurement that indicates how many H+ are in a solution? | pH |
| What type of bond is not caused by either the transfer or sharing of electrons in the outer shells of atoms? | Hydrogen bond |
| Which type of bond involves a sharing of electrons by the outer shell of the atoms? | Covalent bond |
| What type of bond is caused by a transfering of electrons between two atoms? | Ionic bond |
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