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Std Bio DNA/Biotech
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the process name for when DNA makes a copy of itself? | Replication |
| If mutations occur in this type of cell, it can be passed on to offspring? | gametes |
| What is the term for the science that redesigns organisms for a useful purpose? | synthetic biology |
| What type of bond holds the bases together in the DNA double helix? | hydrogen bonds |
| What is the enzyme used during transcription that will unwind DNA and add nucleotides to create a mRNA strand? | RNA polymerase |
| What is the process name for when the mRNA strand is used to make a protein? | Translation |
| What type of mutation has DNA bases switching places? | Inversions |
| What is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA during replication? | DNA helicase |
| What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? | sugar, phosphate, base |
| If an original DNA is represented as: 12345 And the mutated one is represented as: 126345 What type of mutation is this? | Addition |
| What base is not in RNA but is in DNA? | thymine |
| What was purpose of Human Genome Project? | to map every gene on every chromosome |
| Franklin’s photo and experiments showed that DNA was a __________ ________________. | double helix |
| In eukaryotic cells after transcription the mRNA leaves the ______ and goes to the __________. | nucleus, cytoplasm/ribosome |
| Are all mutations harmful? | no, some have no change, some are beneficial |
| What is the enzyme that will put strands together during replication? | DNA ligase |
| This type of category of mutations are when the multiples of 3 (codons) change. | Frameshift mutation |
| What is the term for the extra piece of DNA in a prokaryote (bacteria)? | plasmid |
| What would be the mRNA strand for the following DNA strand: G T T A C C T A | C A A U G G A U |
| If mutations occur in this type of cell, it cannot be passed on to offspring? | somatic (body cells) |
| If the codon is this: CAG what is the anticodon? | GUC |
| In what phase does replication take place? | S phase (in interphase) |
| What are the 3 bases called on a mRNA strand? | codon |
| What is the enzyme that will add nucleotides and proofreads during replication? | DNA polymerase |
| What is the process name for making mRNA from a DNA gene? | transcription |
| This type of category of mutations are based upon a single base pair change. | Point mutations |
| What are the sugars in DNA and in RNA? | deoxyribose=DNA, ribose=RNA |
| The mRNA will be read by each codon until it reaches a ___________ signal. | stop |
| What is the other side of the DNA if this is one side: T T C A G A T G | A A G T C T A C |
| What type of mutation has DNA from one chromosome moving to another chromosome? | Translocation |
| What is a general term for a change in the DNA code? | mutation |
| In what direction do the two strands of a DNA run? | opposite directions |
| In DNA, what pairs with C? What pairs with T? | G guanine, A Adenine |
| Which part of a nucleotide codes for a protein? | the base |
| What is the technique that uses electricity to separate out DNA or protein fragments? | electrophoresis |
| What is the purpose of rRNA? | makes up the ribosome |
| The central dogma of biology is: | DNA codes for RNA, which makes proteins. |
| If an original DNA is represented as: 12345 And the mutated one is represented as: 12543 What type of mutation is this? | inversion |
| What type of RNA molecule has an amino acid attached and carries them to the ribosome? | tRNA |
| What are the 3 bases on a tRNA strand called? | anticodon |
| What type of bond attaches the amino acids together to form a protein? | peptide bond |
| What is the term for manipulating genes for a purpose? | genetic engineering |
| What is the technology that uses a target RNA to cut a DNA strand at an exact location? | CRISPR |
| What is the building block of proteins? | amino acids |
| If this is the mRNA strand: AUC-GGU-CAU What is the DNA strand? | TAG-CCA-GTA |
| What is the general term when new DNA is made from two or more organisms? | recombinant DNA |
| What is the term of the technique with a machine for making millions of copy of the same DNA fragment quickly? | PCR |
| What is the general term for making an exact copy of a cell or organism? | cloninng |
Created by:
thompsondk
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