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Maternity-Module 4&5
Labor & Delivery (I&II) - Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tocodynamometer | pressure-sensitive device applied against the uterine fundus to measure and record contractions |
| effacement | shortening and thinning of the cervix |
| dilation | the stretching and enlargement of the external cervical os; occurs progressively throughout labor |
| fontanelles | unossified membrane or soft spot that lies between the cranial bones of the skull of a fetus or infant - anterior, posterior, sagittal |
| fetal lie | the relationship of the long axis of the woman to the long axis of the fetus |
| fetal attitude | body posture or position |
| fetal presentation | refers to the fetal part that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the birth canal during labor - may be cephalic, breech , or shoulder |
| cephalic presentation | identifies that the fetal head will be first to come into contact with the maternal cervix - four types - vertex, military, brow, and face |
| breech | occurs when the fetal buttocks enter the maternal pelvis first |
| engagement | occurs when the widest diameter of the fetal presenting part has passed through the pelvic inlet. It can be determined by external palpation or by vaginal examination |
| station | level of presenting fetal part in relation to the maternal ischial spines |
| position | location of a fixed reference point on the fetal presenting part in relation to a specific quadrant of the maternal pelvis |
| amniotomy | artificial rupture of the fetal membranes (AROM) |
| baseline fetal heart rate | average fetal heart rate observed between contractions |
| tachycardia | baseline fetal heart rate greater than 160 beats per minute |
| bradycardia | baseline fetal heart rate of less than 110 beats per minutes |
| hyperstimulation | in intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring, greater than five uterine contractiions in 10 minutes, averaged over a 30-minute window. Aka - tachystole |
| nuchal cord | encircling of the fetal neck by one or more loops of the umbilical cord |
| amnioinfusion | infusion of warmed normal saline into the uterus via sterile intrauterine catheter; performed in an attempt to increase the fluid around the umbilical cord and prevent compression during uterine contractions |
| uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) | decline in placental function, leading to fetal hypoxia and acidosis |
| visceral pain | discomfort related to cervical changes (i.e., dilation and effacement), distention of the lower uterine segment, and uterine ischemia; predominant discomfort-1st stage labor; pain-lower abdomen-radiates to lower lumbar back and down thighs |
| referred pain | discomfort that originates in a local area such as the cervix, vagina, or perineal tissues but is felt in the back, the flanks, or down the thighs |
| somatic pain | perineal discomfort that results from stretching and distention of the perineal tissues |
| analgesia | relief, to some degree, of pain without loss of consciousness |
| anesthesia | partial or complete absence of sensation with or without loss of consciousness |
| cardinal movements | mechanisms of labor in a vertex presentation; describes how the fetus passes through the birth canal and the postional changes required to facilitate birth |
| Schultze mechanism | delivery of the placenta with the shiny fetal surface presenting |
| Duncan mechanism | delivery of the placenta with the maternal surface presenting |
Created by:
Blackbeltmom
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