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foundations
chapter 2
| an awareness of reality acquired through learning or investigation. Based for professional nursing practice includes nursing science, philosophy, and ethics; biology and psychology | nursing knowledge |
| part of nursing practice passed down from generation to generation . nurse might reply " we always do it this way" changing bedclothes is an example | traditional knowledge |
| comes from an expert and is accepted as truth based on the persons perceived expertise. when a senior nurse teaches a new graduate nurse is an example | authoritative knowledge |
| obtained through the scientific method, testing and measured systematically using objective criteria | scientific knowledge |
| influenced nursing knowledge and practice by demonstrating efficient and knowledgeable nursing care, defining nursing practice as separate and distinct from medical practice, and differentiating between health nursing and illness nursing | nightingale's contribtions |
| composed of a group of concepts that describes a pattern of reality | theory |
| as idea, are abstract impressions organized into symbols of reality, describes objects, properties, and events and relationships | concept |
| on examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or ideas | deductive reasoning |
| the reverse process is used, one builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about general idea | inductive reasoning |
| developed to describe nursing, differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it serves the purpose of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices | nursing theory |
| as the adjustment of living matter to other living things and to environmental conditions. occurs in three levels: the internal (self), the social (others), and the physical (biochemical) | adaptation theory |
| outlines the process of growth and developmental of humans as orderly and predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death. Erick Erikson based his theory of psychosocial developmental | developmental theory |
| describes how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how the parts work together in "systems" | general systems theory |
| four concepts common in nursing theory the influence and determine nursing practice are | the person (patient), the environment, health, and nursing |
| involves the concepts of basic and applied basic | quantitative research method |
| a method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings, | qualitative research method |
| in nursing is a problem solving approach to making clinical decision, using the best evidence available. | evidence-based practice |
| it is designed specifically to meet the needs of the practicing of nursing and uses a three step processes called PET; practice questions, evidence, and translation | Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence Based Practice Model |