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Circulatory system

Blood flow through the heart, structure, double circulatory system,hr, bp, pulse

TermDefinition
Heart- function, muscle and bpm Pump blood around the body. Made up of cardiac muscle - very slow to tire Average bpm is 72, increases with exercise.
4 main chambers of the heart Top : left atrium and right atrium Bottom: aorta (left) and pulmonary artery(right)
4 main blood vessels of the heart 1. Pulmonary vein (left) 2. Aorta (left) 3. Vena cava (right) 4. Pulmonary artery
Blood flow through the heart - deoxygenated blood flow (vena cava) Deoxygenated blood from the head and arms enters the right atrium through the superior vena cava. Deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body also enters the right atrium through the inferior vena cava.
Blood flow through the heart - deoxygenated blood to oxygenated blood Atrium contracts, blood flows from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle contracts, forces blood through the semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery. Goes to the lungs, blood goes from Co2 to O2.
Blood flow through the heart - oxygenated blood flow Oxygenated blood enters the left atrium from the pulmonary veins. Blood flows through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle. Left ventricle contracts and forces the blood through the semilunar valves into the aorta. Blood flows to the body.
Drawing the structure of the heart Always label it left and right (opposite way) Label left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle, and septum.
Heart diagram should include 4 chambers + labels Septum Vena cava Tricuspid valve Pulmonary artery Aorta Bicuspid valve Pulmonary veins Semilunar valves x2
Coronary artery Supplies the heart muscle itself with blood.d
Double circulatory system Pulmonary circuit: Blood is pumped to the lungs from the right ventricle.
Systemic circuit Left ventricle pumps blood all around the body. *hence the wall of the left ventricle is thicker.
Hepatic portal system A portal system that connects two organs e.g liver to the small intestine. Veins that go to another capillary bed and not the heart are called portal veins.
How Heart rate is controlled Heart rate is comtrolled by a part of the brain called the medula oblongata. When CO2 levels in the heart rise, the heart rate speeds up.
Pulse Waves of pressure caused by the heartbeat (arteries expanding) Felt easily in places in the body where the arteries lie close to the surface, e.g wrist , neck.
Heartbeat Sound made by the valves closing. Sounds are described as lub and dub
Lub The sound of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves closing.
Dub The sound of the semilunar valves closing.
Blood pressure The force of blood pushing against the wall of blood vessels.
Typical blood pressure 120/80 (120 over 80)
3 Factors affecting heart rate 1. Smoking - increases heart rate & blood pressure 2. Diet - fat intake (high blood pressure, blocks coronary arteries, leads to heart disease) 3. Exercise - increases heart rate, strengthens heart muscle
Created by: EObrienHart
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