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Theresa2
NHE Biology module 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pathogen | An organism that causes disease |
| Saprophyte | An organism that feeds on dead matter |
| Parasite | An organism that feeds on a living host |
| Aerobic organism | An organism that requires oxygen |
| Anaerobic organism | An organism that does not require oxygen |
| Steady state | A state in which members of a population die as quickly as new members are born |
| Exponential growth | Population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever-increasing population |
| Logistic growth | Population growth that is controlled by limited resources |
| Conjugation | A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer |
| Plasmid | A small, circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main bacterial genetic code |
| Transformation | The transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell |
| Transduction | The process in which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another |
| Endospore | The DNA and other essential parts of a bacterium coated with several hard layers |
| Strains | Organisms from the same species that have markedly different traits |
| Cell capsule | this surrounds the cell wall and is composed of an organized layer of sticky sugars that help the bacteria adhere to a surface |
| Plasma membrane | is underneath the bacterium cell wall and is made up of certain chemicals called phospholipids and other chemicals called proteins. It also negotiates what materials pass into and out of the cell |
| Cell wall | Most bacteria have a cell wall. A cell wall holds the contents of bacterium together and regulates the amount of water that a bacterium can absorb. It holds the cell into one of three basic shapes-(coccus)spherical, (bacillus)rod-shaped,(spirillum)Helical |
| Cytoplasm | semifluid inside the plasma membraine and it supporting the DNA and ribosomes |
| DNA | holds all of the information required to make this mass of chemicals a lliving entity |
| Ribosomes | are the chemical factories that make the chemicals known as protein |
| fimbriae | they are used for grasping -they grab surfaces to help the bacteria adhere to them as an aid to the sticky capsule, or they grasp other bacteria as a part of reproduction |
| Sex pili | If the fimbriae is used in reproduction |
| Flagellum | accomplishes the locomotion of moving the bacterium from one place to another. |
Created by:
bowser
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