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BIO

Photosynthesis

QuestionAnswer
stomata tiny pores on plant leaves that allow them to exchange gases and water with the environment
guard cells specialized cells in plants that control the opening and closing of stomata
transpiration the loss of water vapor through the stomata of leaves.
chloroplast major site of photosynthesis in plants
2 parts of photosynthesis light dependent reactions and calvin cycle
light dependent reaction converts light energy into ATP, happens in thylakoid membrane
calvin cycle a series of chemical reactions that take place in plants, using energy from sunlight (captured in the light reactions) to convert carbon dioxide from the air into glucose
NADPH electron carrier, transports electrons during photosynthesis, oxidized becomes NADP+
photosystem absorbs light, converts light into chemical energy by transferring excited electrons
stroma fluid filled spaces in chloroplast, where Calvin Cycle occurs
thylakoid membrane membrane within chloroplast where light dependent reactions occur
electron transport chain a series of molecules in chloroplast membrane that transfer high-energy electrons, gradually releasing energy used to pump protons across the membrane and ultimately generate ATP
chemiosmosis H+ ions move across the membrane to generate ATP
3 parts of Calvin Cycle carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration
Carbon fixation CO2 enters cycle to become attached to RuBP
Reduction energy from ATP helps form G3P
Regeneration energy from ATP used to remake RuBP to restart calvin cycle again
Photosynthesis equation 6CO2 + 6H2O + light ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Chlorophyll a pigment molecule, “catches” sunlight energy and transfers excited electrons
ATP synthase an enzyme that spins when H+ ions go from high to low concentration; spinning action provides the energy to make ATP molecules from ADP and P (free phosphates)
xylem to transport water upward from the roots to parts of the plants such as stems and leaves, but it also transports nutrients
phloem transports sugars from the leaves and other parts of the plant, can move in both directions
Created by: JSheahan1
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