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Chapter 4.1

TermDefinition
erosion The process of wearing down and carrying away rocks. Ex. wind, water, ice and gravity.
weathering The process that breaks down rock and other substances. Ex. heat, cold, water, ice and gas.
mechanical weathering A type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.
chemical weathering The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes. Forms a new substance- for example, rust.
abrasion The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice or wind
oxidation A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust.
permeable Characteristic of material that contains connected air spaces, or pores, that water can seep through easily.
frost wedging Process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands.
uniformitarianism The geologic principle that the same geological processes that operate today operated in the past to change Earth’s surface.
Animal actions A type of mechanical weathering where animals who burrow break apart rock as they dig.
Freezing and thawing A type of mechanical weathering where water freezes in a crack and expands making the crack larger over time. This also causes pot holes in roadways during spring and winter.
Plant growth A type of mechanical weathering where roots grow and cracks rock apart over time.
Release of pressure A type of mechanical weathering when the top layer erodes away, the exposed layer begins to crack and peel.
Agents of chemical weathering water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, acid rain
Agents of mechanical weathering freezing and thawing, release of pressure, plant growth, actions of animals and abrasion
Created by: user-1825399
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