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Grade ten science
Grade ten science, chemistry, biology, physics, climate change
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | neutrally charged particle, equal protons and electrons |
| ion | a charged particle as a result of and atom losing or gaining electrons |
| Cation | a positively charged ion |
| Anion | a negatively charged ion |
| Binary ionic compound | A bond between a metal and non metal |
| Polyatomic ions | An ion made of more then one atom acting as a single particle. |
| multivalent compound | A transition metal and a non metal bonding |
| molecular bonding | atoms sharing their outermost electrons, non metals |
| law of conservation of mass | Matter can be created nor dystroed only rearanged into different forms |
| catalyst | something that speeds up the corrosion process |
| complete combustion | Lots of oxygen= complete combustion Hydrocarbon+ oxygen-carbon dioxide+water + energy |
| incomplete combustion | oxygen supply is limited Hydrocarbon+ oxygen- carbon dioxide + water+ carbon monoxide + Carbon + energy |
| Corrosion | The slow breaking down of metals because of a chemical reaction in the environment. to stop corrosion, paint plastic coating or galvanizing. |
| acids | Taste sour, corrode metals, corrode animal skin, turn litmus paper red and nutralize a base found in, sour foods, batteries and medicines |
| bases | Taste bitter, slippery texture, corrode animal skin, neutralize acids found in bitter foods, batteries, medicines and cleaning products |
| Synthesis reaction | A+B = AB Two things become one |
| double displacement | when two elements in different compounds trade places AB+DC= AD+BC |
| single displacement | An element takes the spot of an element in a compound AB+C=AC+B |
| Decomposition reaction | when a complex compound breaks down AB=A+B |
| neutralization reaction | HCl+NaOH=NaCl+H2O Acid base yield Salt water |
| 6 Properties of light | 1. Light travels in straight lines 2. properties of both waves and particles 3. spectrum of different colors 4. speed of 3x10 to the power of 8 5.light is invisible until it hits something 6, Light can change directions of reflection of refraction |
| incandescence | LIght produced from a high temperature |
| Phosphorescence | An object exposed to uv for a long period of time, emitting light. like the sticker night light stars |
| electric discharge | LIght produced when electric current passes through a gas lightning |
| Bio-luminescence | A chemical reaction in a living organism resulting in them to glow like a glowing jelly fish |
| Triboluminescence | light emmites as a result of friction or crushing crushing wintergreen mints |
| chemicalluninecence | light emited because of a chemical reaction glow stick |
| electroluminesence | material emmiting light when electrical current is passed through it LED |
| Fluorescence | light being produced as an imidiate reaction to being exposed to uv rays |
| Specular reflection | reflection of light off a smooth or flat surface |
| difusse reflection | reflection of light off a rough or irregular surface |
| concave mirror | a mirror that caves in like a spoon Used in makeup mirrors, and telescopes |
| convex mirror | a mirror that caves out like the back of a spoon security mirriors sunglasses rearview mirriors |
| total internal refraction | when a refracted ray going through a medium passes the normal at 90 desgreese and gets reflected back into the medium |
| critical angle | the angle of incidance that results in the refractive ray to be at 90 desgreese |
| light bends toward the normal when | the speed of light in the second medium is less then the speed of light in the first medium |
| light bends away from the normal when | the speed of light in the second medium is greater then the speed of light in the first medium |
Created by:
Maggiea13
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