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Unit 3.2 Vocabulary

Unit 3.2- Relationships in Ecosystems

TermDefinition
Ecosystem A community of living organisms interacting with nonliving components in their environment.
Population A group of the same species living in a specific area.
Community All the populations of different species that live and interact in an area.
Resource Availability The presence of essential resources (e.g., food, water, shelter) that organisms need to survive.
Energy Flow The transfer of energy through a food chain or food web in an ecosystem.
Matter Cycling The movement of matter, such as nutrients and water, between living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.
Biodiversity The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Interactions Relationships among organisms, such as competition, predation, mutualism, and commensalism.
Food Web A complex network of interconnected food chains showing how energy moves in an ecosystem.
Food Chain A sequence that shows how energy and nutrients flow from one organism to another in an ecosystem.
Producers Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis (e.g., plants, algae).
Consumers Organisms that eat other organisms for energy (e.g., herbivores, carnivores, omnivores).
Decomposers Organisms like fungi and bacteria that break down dead material and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Abiotic Nonliving components of an ecosystem, such as sunlight, air, water, soil, and temperature, that influence the living organisms within it.
Biotic Living components of an ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that interact with each other and their environment.
Carrying Capacity The maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support.
Limiting Factors Environmental factors that restrict population growth, such as food, water, space, or predators.
Invasive Species Non-native species that disrupt ecosystems by competing with native species.
Habitat The natural environment where an organism lives and thrives.
Sustainability The ability to maintain healthy ecosystems and biodiversity over time.
Created by: MsOlivia
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