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Cellular Respiration

TermDefinition
Cellular Respiration A series of processes that release energy from food in the presence of oxygen.
Reactants The substances needed for a chemical reaction to take place. These substances are rearranged into the products.
Products The substances made in a chemical reaction
Reactants of Cellular Respiration Glucose and oxygen
Products of Cellular Respiration Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
Mitochondria Cell organelle that converts chemical energy in food into ATP that cells use to power cell activities
Glycolysis This is the anaerobic first step of cellular respiration. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. It breaks glucose down into two pyruvate molecules and makes a net of two ATP molecules.
Krebs Cycle Step in aerobic respiration where acetyl-CoA is transformed into other molecules and carbon dioxide is released as a waste product. Two ATP molecules are made in this step. Takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria.
Electron Transport Chain Final stage of aerobic respiration. Takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae). Produces 30-32 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.
Aerobic Requires oxygen in order for the process/reaction to occur
Anaerobic Does not require oxygen in order for the process/reaction to occur.
Fermentation/ Anaerobic respiration Anaerobic process of producing ATP from food in the absence of oxygen. Two types: Alcoholic Fermentation and Lactic Acid Fermentation. Respiration that starts with glycolysis and then continues to fermentation.
Alcoholic Fermentation Occurs in plants and yeast, the pyruvate from glycolysis is converted into ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide
Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in animals and some microorganisms, the pyruvate from glycolysis is converted into lactic acid. Gives food a sour tastes (cheese, yogurt, and pickles)
Metabolism Chemical reactions an organism undergoes to build up or break down materials.
Aerobic respiration Respiration that goes from glycolysis to the Krebs cycle and then to the electron transport chain with the presence of oxygen. This is the pathway most people think of with cellular respiration.
Quick short bursts of energy The body uses ATP stored in muscle cells and ATP made by lactic acid fermentation
Long energy use The body needs to use aerobic cellular respiration for exercise longer than about 90 seconds as it creates a continuous ATP supply.
Created by: user-1894303
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