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Mental - Module 9
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders - Ch. 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acute dystonia | a sudden, sustained contraction of one or several muscle groups, usually of the head and neck |
| affective symptoms | symptoms involving emotions and their expression |
| akathisia | a motor restlessness that causes pacing and/or an inability to stay still or remain in one place. |
| anosognosia | the inability to realize one is ill - an inability caused by the illness itself |
| anticholinergic toxicity | potentially life-threatening medical emergency caused by antipsychotics or other anticholinergic medications, including many antiparkinsonian drugs and over the counter cold/allergy medicines. |
| antipsychotic medication | medications used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia |
| associative looseness | results from haphazard and illogical thinking where concentration is poor and thoughts are only loosely connected |
| clang association | choosing words based on their sound rather than their meaning and often involves words that rhyme or have a similar beginning sound |
| command hallucination | auditory hallucinations that instruct a person to act in a specific way |
| concrete thinking | an impaired ability to think abstractly, resulting in interpreting or perceiving things in a literal manner |
| delusions | false beliefs that are held despite a lack of evidence to support them |
| echopraxia | mimicking the movements of others |
| executive functioning | when impaired includes difficulty with reasoning, setting priorities, comparing otions, placing things in logical order or groups, anticipating and planning, and inhibiting undesirable impulses or actions |
| extrapyramidal side effects | side effects that occur when taking certain medications, especially antipsychotic drugs, that affect the motor system (including acute dystonia, akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism, and tardive dyskisnesia) |
| hallucinations | occurs when a person perceives a sensory experience for which no exteral source exists (e.g. hearing a voice when no one is speaking) |
| illusions | misinterpretations of a real experience (e.g. seeing a coat on a coat rack and believing it is a bear) |
| long-acting injectable | formulations that only need to be administered only every 2 to 4 weeks or even months |
| metabolic syndrome | includes weight gain (especially in the abdominal area), dyslipidemia, increased blood glucose, and insulin resistance |
| negative symptoms | the absence of qualities that should be present. The inability to enjoy activities (anhedonia), social discomfort, or lack of goal-directed behavior. |
| neologism | words that have meaning for the patient but a different or nonexistent meaning for others |
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome | NMS - caused by excessive dopamine receptor blockade - occurs w/first generation antipsychotic medications - characterized by reduced consciousness and responsiveness, increased muscle tone (generalized muscle rigidity), and autonomic dysfunction. |
| paranoia | an irrational fear, ranging from mild (being suspicious, wary, guarded) to profound (believing irrationally that another person intends to kill you) |
| positive symptoms | the presence of symptoms that should not be present. Hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, or disorganized or bizarre thoughts, behavior, or speech. |
| prodromal phase | phase in which milder symptoms of the disorder occur, often months or years before the full disorder becomes mainifest |
| pseudoparkinsonism | a temporary group of symptoms that resemble Parkinson disease: tremor, reduced accessory movements (arms swinging when walking), gait impairment, reduced facial expressiveness (mask facies), and slowing of moter behavior (bradykinesia) |
| psychosis | altered cognition, altered perception, and/or an impaired ability to determine what is or is not real |
| reality testing | the automatic and unconscious process by which we determine what is real and is not real |
| recovery model | stresses hope, living a full productive life, and eventual recovery rather than focusing on controlling symptoms and adapting to disability |
| severe neutropenia | most often associated with clozapine (Clozaril), also possible with other antipsychotics, is an acute condition involving a dangerously low white blood cell count (neutropenia), which increases the risk of a serious infection. |
| tardive dyskinesia | a persistent EPS involving involuntary rhythmic movements |
| cognitive impairment | difficulties with thinking, learning, remembering, and making decisions |
Created by:
Blackbeltmom
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