Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIOL 161 Ch 9
Term and Definition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| apoptosis | programmed cell death |
| mitosis phases | prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase, and cytokinesis |
| p53 | triggers cell cycle inhibitors when DNA damage is detected- halting cell division to either allow time for repair, or to induce apoptosis |
| RB | regulates cell cycle to prevent excessive cell division from G1 to S phase |
| mitosis | a process in which a cell divides to create two identical daughter cells, each with a complete set of chromosomes from the parent cell |
| meiosis | cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms, where a single cell divides twice to produce four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell |
| cytokinesis | the process where a cell's cytoplasm physically divides into two separate daughter cells |
| interphase | the period of the cell cycle when a cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for cell division- also known as resting stage between first and second stage of meiosis |
| G0 | a phase of the cell cycle in which cells are not dividing or preparing to divide |
| G1 | the stage where the cell is preparing to divide |
| G2 | last part of interphase- the stage of the cell cycle where a cell prepares to divide after DNA replication is complete |
| S stage | a stage in the cell cycle when DNA is replicated |
| G1 checkpoint | stage in the cell cycle that occurs during the G1 phase, where a cell decides whether to commit to cell division by entering the S phase |
| centrosome | only exists in animal cells- located in cytoplasm- role is to organize microtubules and provide structure for the cell, as well as work to pull chromatids apart during cell division. |
| metaphase | the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers |
| anaphase | the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle |
| telophase | between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed |
| daughter chromosome | a chromosome that results from the separation of sister chromatids during cell division |
| kinetochores | a protein structure that attaches to a chromosome's centromere during cell division, enabling the chromosome to attach to a spindle fiber- occurs in anaphase |
| histones | any of a group of basic proteins found in chromatin |
| cleavage furrow | an indent that forms in the plasma membrane of a cell during cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division |
| haploid | cell contains only one set of chromosomes |
| diploid | cell contains two sets of chromosomes, with one set coming from each parent |
| spindle | protein responsible for separating replicated chromosomes during cell division |
| euchromatin | the part of the chromatin involved in the active transcription of DNA into mRNA |
| heterochromatin | a highly condensed, tightly packed form of DNA within chromosomes, typically located at centromeres and telomeres |
| metastasis | the spread of cancer cells from the original tumor to other parts of the body |
| telomeres | a compound structure at the end of a chromosome |
| contact inhibition | a process on a cellular level by which cells stop dividing completely when they come in contact with each other |
| homologus | pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism that have similar genes, although not necessarily identical |
| meiosis phases | Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II |
Created by:
keslee
Popular Biology sets