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Photosynthesis

TermDefinition
Energy Is the ability to do work
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Is a chemical compound that cells use to store and release energy It is the basic energy source for all cells in all living things. It is like a fully charged battery ready to power the machinery of the cell
ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) Is a chemical compound that a phosphate group gets bonded to in order to make ATP and store energy
ATP Structure ATP is made up of an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups.
ADP Structure ADP is made up of an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and two phosphate groups.
Storing energy in ATP When a cell has energy available to store it can store small amounts of energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP and producing ATP
Releasing energy in ATP Energy is released by breaking the bond between the second and the third phosphate group in ATP. Making it go from ATP to ADP.
Autotrophs / Autotrophic Organisms These are organisms that use light energy from the sun to produce their own food, in a process called photosynthesis
Heterotrophs / Heterotrophic Organisms These are organisms that get energy by consuming food that was ultimately created by autotrophs.
Photosynthesis A chemical process where plants convert the energy from sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds of carbohydrates (glucose)
Reactants Reactants are the substances that are put into a chemical reaction. They will react together to form the products. The reactants atoms will break apart and rearrange to form the products.
Products Products are the substances that are made in a chemical reaction. They are formed from the reactants
The reactants of photosynthesis In order for photosynthesis to take place 6 molecules of water, 6 molecules of carbon dioxide, and sunlight (light energy) is needed.
The products of photosynthesis By the end of photosynthesis one molecule of glucose and 6 molecules of oxygen gas are produced.
Chloroplasts The organelle where photosynthesis takes place. They capture the energy from sunlight and convert it to a chemical energy.
Chlorophyll The primary pigment found in chloroplasts. It is green in color. It is responsible for trapping light energy.
Thylakoids / Thylakoid membrane Saclike photosynthesis membranes found in the chloroplast. Location of light dependent reactions
Grana / Granum Stacks of thylakoids
Photosystems Clusters of pigments that are found in the thylakoid membrane.
Stroma Region of the chloroplast that is found outside the thylakoids. Location of light independent reactions.
Electron carriers / Carrier molecules Compounds that accept a pair of high energy electrons and transfers them.
NADP+ / NADPH NADP+ is an electron carrier that accepts 2 electrons and a hydrogen ion which converts it to NADPH NADPH is made during light dependent reactions and gets taken to the stroma to be used in light independent reactions.
Light dependent reactions 1st reaction in photosynthesis, it requires light and occurs in the thylakoid membrane. In this reaction light energy is converted to chemical energy. The reactants of this reaction are sunlight and water which react to create oxygen gas, ATP, and NADPH
Light independent reactions / Calvin Cycle 2nd reaction in photosynthesis. It does not require light and occurs in the stroma. It takes chemical energy and stores it in the bond of glucose. The reactants are carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH which react to produce glucose, ADP, and NADP+
Factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis Amount of water, temperature, and light intensity
Pigment A compound that absorbs a particular wavelength of visible light
Stomata Pore in a plant's leaf that allow for gas exchange
Carbon dioxide Gas reactant of photosynthesis. Taken in through the stomata
Water Liquid reactant of photosynthesis. Taken in through the roots
Oxygen Gas product of photosynthesis. Released into the atmosphere through the stomata or used by the plant in cellular respiration
Glucose carbohydrate molecules produced during photosynthesis. It is used to store energy for long periods of time.
Created by: user-1894303
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