facilitated diffusion

Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels

the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration

concentration gradient

the difference in the concentrations of molecules across a membrane

movement of substances across a plasma membrane that does not require energy because the substance is moving from a higher to lower concentration

movement of substances across a plasma membrane that requires energy because the substance is moving against the concentration gradient, from a lower to higher concentration

pressure exerted on a cell wall due to osmosis of water into a cell

the solution with the lower solute concentration when comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration

the solution with the higher solute concentration when comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration

solutions of equal solute concentration

the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

process in which the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall as a cell shrivels when placed in a hypertonic solution

a type of vacuole that removes excess water from a cell; found in organisms that live in hypotonic environments such as freshwater paramecium

protein in a cell membrane that helps molecules pass through the membrane, by either forming a channel for the molecules or carrying the molecules through the membrane

type of vesicle transport that moves substances into a cell

type of vesicle transport that moves substances out of a cell

process in which pathogens and dead cells are consumed and destroyed by a phagocyte; also known as cellular eating, occurs when the cell membrane engulfs solid material, forming a phagocytic vesicle which then enters the cell

occurs when the cell membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing dissolved substances to enter the cell; also known as cellular drinking, the liquid that enters the cell is encircled within a pinocytic vesicle

the electrical voltage difference across a cell membrane

electrochemical gradient

difference across a membrane due to both a chemical force and an electrical force; drives the movement of ions across the membrane

sodium-potassium pump

a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell

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Bio monday test

Term	Definition
facilitated diffusion	Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels
diffusion	the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration
concentration gradient	the difference in the concentrations of molecules across a membrane
passive transport	movement of substances across a plasma membrane that does not require energy because the substance is moving from a higher to lower concentration
active transport	movement of substances across a plasma membrane that requires energy because the substance is moving against the concentration gradient, from a lower to higher concentration
osmotic pressure	pressure exerted on a cell wall due to osmosis of water into a cell
hypotonic	the solution with the lower solute concentration when comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration
hypertonic	the solution with the higher solute concentration when comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration
isotonic	solutions of equal solute concentration
osmosis	the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
plasmolysis	process in which the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall as a cell shrivels when placed in a hypertonic solution
contractile vacuole	a type of vacuole that removes excess water from a cell; found in organisms that live in hypotonic environments such as freshwater paramecium
transport proteins	protein in a cell membrane that helps molecules pass through the membrane, by either forming a channel for the molecules or carrying the molecules through the membrane
endocytosis	type of vesicle transport that moves substances into a cell
exocytosis	type of vesicle transport that moves substances out of a cell
phagocytosis	process in which pathogens and dead cells are consumed and destroyed by a phagocyte; also known as cellular eating, occurs when the cell membrane engulfs solid material, forming a phagocytic vesicle which then enters the cell
pinocytosis	occurs when the cell membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing dissolved substances to enter the cell; also known as cellular drinking, the liquid that enters the cell is encircled within a pinocytic vesicle
membrane potential	the electrical voltage difference across a cell membrane
electrochemical gradient	difference across a membrane due to both a chemical force and an electrical force; drives the movement of ions across the membrane
sodium-potassium pump	a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell

Created by: Jitendra12

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