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Ch 3 Science Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absorption | The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood |
| Amino Acid | Small units that are linked together chemically to from large protein molecules |
| Anus | A muscular opening at the end of the rectum through which solid waste leaves the body |
| Bile | A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles |
| Calorie | The amount of energy need to raise the temp. of one gram of water by one celsius degree |
| Carbohydrate | Nutrients composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen that are a major source of energy and provide the raw materials to make parts of cells |
| Cholesterol | A waxy fat like substance found only in animal products that is an important part of your body's cells; can build up artery walls |
| Digestion | The process by which the body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules |
| Enzyme | A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body |
| Epiglottis | A flap of tissue that seals off the wind pipe and prevents food from entering |
| Esophagus | A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach |
| Fat | High - energy nutrients |
| Fiber | A complex carbohydrate found in plant foods that cannot be broken down into sugar molecules in the body |
| Gallblader | An organ that stores bile after it is produced by the liver |
| Glucose | A sugar that is a major source of energy for the body's cells |
| Large intestine | The last section of the digestive system where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body |
| Liver | The largest and newest organ inside the body it breaks down substances and eliminates nitrogen from the body |
| Mineral | Nutrients that are needed by the body in small amounts and are not made by living things |
| Mucus | A thick slippery substance produced by the body |
| Nutrient | Substances in food that provide the raw materials and energy the body needs to carry out all the essential life process |
| Pancreas | A triangular organ that produces anzymes that flow into the small intestine |
| Peristalis | Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food from moving along in one direction through the digestive system |
| Protien | Nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen they are needed for tissue growth and repair and play a part in chemical reactions inside cells |
| Rectum | A short tube at the and of the large intestine where waste material is composed into solid from before being eliminated |
| Saliva | The fluid released when the mouth waters that plays an important role in both machanicle and chemical digestion |
| Saturated Fat | Fats that are solid at room temp. |
| Small intestine | The part of the digestive system in which most chemical reactions happen |
| Stomach | A j-shaped muscular pouch lacated in the abdomen that expands to hold all the food that is swallowed |
| Unsaturated Fat | Fats that are liquid at room tempature |
| Villus | Tiny finger shaped structure that cover the inner surface of the small intestine and provide a larger surface area through which digested food is absorbed |
| Vitamin | Molecules that act as helpers in a variety of chemical reactions within the body |
Created by:
amytozib
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