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Water 2
6th Grade Science: Unit 4 - Ground Water
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Groundwater? | Groundwater is water located within the saturated zone below the Earth's surface. |
| What is water above the Earth’s surface called? | surface water - includes water bodies like oceans, rivers, lakes, and streams that are visible on the Earth's surface |
| What is Infiltration? | The process of surface water seeping "downward" into underground rocks, collecting in the spaces between rock particles |
| What is a Water Table? | the dividing line between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone underground. |
| What happens in the unsaturated zone? | Rain water passes through the unsaturated zone. |
| What happens in the saturated zone? | The saturated zone below the water table has water that fills the spaces between rock particles (pores) or the cracks (fractures) in the rocks. |
| What is below the water table? | Below the water table all the spaces in the ground are filled with water. |
| What is above the water table? | Above the water table, the spaces contain both air and water |
| What is an aquifer? | An aquifer is an area in the saturated zone that holds enough water for humans to use. |
| What is porosity? | Porosity is the percentage of open space between individual rock particles in a rock layer. |
| How is porosity determined? | Porosity is determined by the differences in ratio of volume of void spaces (pores) within a material to its total volume |
| What is the porosity of a rock layer with different size particles? | Different sizes of particles in a material generally lead to lower porosity because smaller particles can fill the gaps between larger ones, reducing the available pore space. |
| What is the porosity of a rock layer with same size particles? | high porosity |
| What is permeability? | Permeability is a rock's ability to let water pass through it |
| What is an impermeable rock? | An impermeable rock is a rock that blocks the flow of water |
| Larger rocks are ___________ permeable, smaller are ___________ permeable | Larger rocks are more permeable, while smaller rocks are less permeable. |
| Describe high vs. low permeability | Rocks with high permeability allow water to pass through easily, while rocks with low permeability act as barriers to water flow. |
| How does friction relate to permeability? | Friction generally decreases permeability by creating resistance to fluid flow through a porous medium higher friction leads to lower permeability |
| What is the recharge zone? | The recharge zone of an aquifer is the area on the surface where water soaks into the ground |
| What areas around a school might be part of a recharge zone for an aquifer below it? | Any place around the school that isn't paved might be part of a recharge zone for an aquifer below grassy fields, wooded areas, unpaved parking lots, playgrounds |
| What causes less water can enter the recharge zone? | increased impervious surfaces like pavement from development, deforestation, excessive groundwater pumping, drought conditions, soil compaction, steep slopes, and poor soil permeability |
| What is the process of bringing groundwater to the surface? | pumping |
| What are water springs? | where the water table meets the ground surface, groundwater bubbles or flows out of cracks in the rock in places |
| What are water wells? | A human-made hole that is deeper than the level of the water table, used to obtain water |
Created by:
Engle Family
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