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Volcanoes
Terms for chapter 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Volcano | A weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface. |
| Lava | Liquid magma that reaches the surface; also the rock formed when liquid lava hardens. |
| Magma | The molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle. |
| Ring of Fire | A major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean. |
| Island Arc | A string of islands formed by the volcanoes along a deep ocean trench. |
| Hot Spot | An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it. |
| Magma Chamber | The pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects. |
| Pipe | A long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to Earth's surface |
| Vent | The opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano. |
| Lava Flow | The area covered by lava as it pours out of a volcano's vent. |
| Crater | A bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening. |
| Silica | A material that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon; silica is found in magma. |
| Pahoehoe | A hot, fast-moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth, rope like coils. |
| Aa | A slow-moving type of lava that hardens to form rough chunks; cooler than pahoehoe. |
| Pyroclastic Flow | The expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases during an explosive volcanic eruption. |
| Active | A volcano that is erupting or has shown signs of erupting in the near future. |
| Dormant | A volcano that does not show signs of erupting in the near future, sleeping. |
| Extinct | A volcano that will not erupt again. |
| Hot Spring | A pool formed by ground. |
| Geyser | A fountain of water and steam that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals. |
| Geothermal Energy | Energy from water or steam that has been heated by magma. |
| Shield Volcano | A wide, gently sloping mountain made of layers of lava and formed by quiet eruptions. |
| Cinder Cone Volcano | A steep, cone-shaped hill or mountain made of volcanic ash, Cinders, and bombs piled up around a volcano's opening. |
| Composite Volcano | A tall, cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash and other volcanic material. |
| Caldera | The large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof of a volcano's magma chamber collapses. |
| Volcano Neck | A deposit of hardened magma in a volcano's pipe. |
| Batholith | A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cooled inside the crust. |
Created by:
becerriljul
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