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Exam 4
Biology - final - exam 4 questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What scientists are credited with the discovery and characterization of the structure of DNA? | James Watson and Francis Crick |
| A chromosome is composed of | DNA and protein |
| If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence 5' - CATCCAT - 3', what is the sequence of the other strand? | 3' - GTAGGTA - 5' |
| What type of chemical bond holds the two complementary DNA strands together? | hydrogen |
| If adenine makes up 22% of the bases in a DNA double helix, what percent of the bases are guanine? | 28% |
| Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes because for what reason? | Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many |
| What helps hold the DNA strands apart while the DNA is being replicated? | single-strand binding proteins |
| DNA replication is called semiconservative because: | the two resulting DNA molecules each have on strand from the original DNA molecule and one new strand |
| During DNA replication, _____ are the enzymes responsible for joining together the nucleotides of a new polynucleotide strand. | DNA polymerase |
| DNA differs from RNA in that: | DNA is for long term information storage, while RNA is for short term information storage |
| What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication? | it joins Okazaki fragments together |
| Eukaryotes have repetitive DNA sequences at the end of the linear chromosomes that don't code for gene & delay's gene erosion when rounds of DNA replication result in shortening of the ends of the chromosomes over time. These DNA sequences are called: | Telomeres |
| During DNA replication, short stretches of RNA must be made before DNA replication can start. What enzyme makes these? | primase |
| The protein around which DNA are packaged in eukaryotes are called _____ proteins. | histone |
| What is true about chromatin? | Heterochromatin is highly condensed, whereas euchromatin is less compact |
| To repair a mutation in the DNA using the nucleotide excision repair system, in which order do the necessary enzymes act? | endonuclease, DNA polymerase I, DNA ligase |
| Which process requires the active participation of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in the cell? | translation |
| The nucleotide sequence 5' - ATGGTC - 3' | could be part of a single strand of DNA |
| RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase are similar in that: | both use DNA as a template to assemble nucleic acids |
| what is true about pre-mRNA processing? | introns are removed from the strand |
| How can a single gene encode different polypeptides? | There is more than one way to splice the pre-mRNA encoded by the gene |
| The region of DNA where RNA synthesis begins is the ______ region | promoter |
| If the template strand of DNA has the sequence 3' - AAGCTC - 5', transcription will result in an mRNA with the sequence | 5' - UUCGAG - 3' |
| The absence of a terminator in transcription will result in ______ | the production of a longer RNA molecule |
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josie_d
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