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urinary review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| patient just came back from a renal biopsy what is the top nursing priority | report if hematuria is noticed |
| nurse is caring of a patient who just had an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in right forearm which findings is important for the nurse to access | adequate elevation of right arm presence of a bruit or auscultation of the Av capillary refill in right hand |
| portion of the nephron is involved with filtration | glomerulus, Bowmans capsule |
| the nurse explains to a client that which are the characteristics of Stage V chronic renal failure | dialysis is necessary to maintain life |
| a patient confides that sneezing makes her wet her pants what type of incontinent is this | stress |
| your patient is having frequent UTIs was immobile for 3 weeks and have gout what are you concerned for | kidney stones |
| You are the health home nurse and you are counseling a person on foods they should include in their diet when they have hypokalemia... | Bananas( the answer that has bananas as one of the options is the correct answer) |
| How can nephrotic drugs such as doxycycline and rifampin cause kidney damage? | Chemical alterations in the glomeruli |
| Why are female pediatric patients susceptible to UTI's? | Because they have a shorter urethra |
| What increases a persons risk for renal calculi? | -Male -Family history -Uric acid -Immobility |
| Hormone from the posterior pituitary gland that influences the amount of water that is eliminated with the urine? | ADH (antidiuretic hormone) |
| The nurse is caring for a pt who recently had abd surgery which assessment finding would require the nurses immediate attention? | urine output of 20 ml |
| a 78 yr old admitted to the hospital with dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, says she is confused, and has urine incontinence ... nursing interventions would include in plan of care? | apply absorbent incontinence pad |
| Pt is having a cystogram, which statement indicates the pt accurately understands the nurses teaching? | I can have a clear liquid diet in the morning before the test |
| Which statement accurately describes the function of the kidneys? (select all) | - secretion of erythropoietin -regulation of BP -regulation of fluid volume -regulation of electrolytes |
| What is the optimal amount of fluid that a pt should take in per day? | 2000 ml |
| What is a significant risk factor of renal cancer? | smoking |
| A patient with a history of throat infection becomes suddenly ill with fever, chills, flank pain, widespread edema, puffiness around the eyes, visual disturbances, and marked hypertension. You would anticipate which diagnostic test? | Urinalysis -The patient has symptoms of glomerulonephritis. Diagnostic tests include urinalysis, creatinine, BUN, and CBC. |
| A patient with nephrotic syndrome is admitted with severe generalized edema, ascites, and cloudy urine. The patient is irritable and tired. What is the priority nursing problem? | Altered fluid volume -Patients with nephrotic syndrome have problems as fluid shifts into the body tissues and results in severe edema. |
| A 45-year-old man has a history of calcium oxalate stones, which can result in further renal calculi. What should you include about diet in this patient's education? | He should increase fluids and dietary calcium |
| While caring for a patient who has received SWL (lithotripsy) for renal calculi, you would anticipate what possible actions that may be taken to help the patient increase the rate of stone passage? (Select all that apply.) | Follow orders for MET, Increase oral fluid intake Medical expulsive therapy (MET) includes medications to help pass stones. Higher volumes of urine output help flush out stones |
| A patient with CRF has a BUN of 120 mg/dL, creatinine of 9 mg/dL, and potassium of 6.9 mEq/L. What is the primary significance of these laboratory values? | The results, in conjunction with uremic signs, indicates a need for dialysis - Uremia signs generally appear with elevations in BUN and creatinine. The critically elevated potassium is an absolute indicator for dialysis |
| What is included in the nursing care of a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis? (Select all that apply.) | Maintain aseptic technique Weigh the patient before and after dialysis. Monitor vital signs. Check color and volume of effluent. |
| You are sending a patient to the dialysis clinic. What predialysis nursing interventions should be included? (Select all that apply.) | Withholding anticoagulants Assessing dialysis access site Checking vital signs Monitoring laboratory values |
| What information should you give to a community group about prevention of urologic problems? | Emptying the bladder prevents prolonged exposure to toxins. |
| A patient is scheduled to have a renal biopsy. What is included in the preoperative care for this patient? (Select all that apply.) | report abnormal coagulation studies. Enforce nothing by mouth (NPO) for 6 to 8 hours before the procedure |
| You are trying to console an older adult who is embarrassed about wetting the bed. Which patient comment is consistent with functional incontinence? | “I knew that I needed to go, but I couldn't get out of bed by myself.” |
| When writing a nursing care plan for a patient with stress incontinence, what interventions should you include? (Select all that apply.) | Instruct patient to keep a voiding diary. teach patient Kegel exercises. Teach patient to avoid bladder irritants, such as coffee and nicotine. |
| Mirabegron (Myrbetriq) is prescribed for a patient with urinary urgency. Which statement by the patient indicates that the medication is having the intended effect? | “The feeling of constantly needing to urinate is much less.” |
| The nurse is collecting data from a client who has had (BPH) in the past. To determine whether the client is currently experiencing exacerbation of BPH, the nurse would ask the client about the presence of which early symptom? | Decreased force in the stream of urine |
| The nurse is instructing a client with diabetes about peritoneal dialysis. The nurse tells the client that it is important to maintain the prescribed dwell time for the dialysis because of the risk of which complication? | Hyperglycemia |
| A hemodialysis client with a left arm fistula is at risk for arterial steal syndrome. The nurse monitors this client for which signs/symptoms of this disorder? | Pallor, diminished pulse, and pain in the left hand |
| The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Which health problem noted on the client’s record would the nurse identify as a risk factor for this diagnosis? | Diabetes |
| The nurse is reviewing the client’s record and notes that the (PHCP) has documented that the client has a renal disorder. Which laboratory results would indicate a decrease in renal function? Select all that apply. | Decreased hemoglobin level Elevated serum creatinine level Decreased red blood cell (RBC) count Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level |
| A client is scheduled for intravenous pyelography (IVP). Which priority nursing action would the nurse take? | Determine if there is a history of allergies. |
| After a renal biopsy, the client complains of pain at the biopsy site that radiates to the front of the abdomen. Which would this indicate? | Bleeding |
| The nurse monitoring a client receiving peritoneal dialysis notes that the client’s outflow is less than the inflow. The nurse would take which actions? | Check the level of the drainage bag. Reposition the client to his or her side. Place the client in good body alignment. Check the peritoneal dialysis system for kinks. |
| A male client has a tentative diagnosis of urethritis. The nurse would assess the client for which manifestations of the disorder? | Dysuria and penile discharge |
| A client with prostatitis resulting from kidney infection has received instructions on management of the condition at home and prevention of recurrence. Which statement indicates that the client understood the instructions? | Use warm sitz baths and analgesics to increase comfort. |
| The nurse is monitoring an older client suspected of having (UTI) for signs of infection. Which sign/symptom is likely to present first? | Confusion |
| what does nitrates in the urine incdicate | kidney infection |
| costovertebral tenderness is a hallmark symptom for which infection | pyelonephritis |
| patient with temp of 103.1 grabbing onto left side and complaining of dull pain. Urinalyses appear concentrated and cloudy these findings are associated with | pyelonephritis |
| massive protein loss, albumin loss can be an indicator for which syndrome | nephrotic syndrome |
| function of albumin | keeps fluid in the bloodstream. *when albumin is low it causes fluid to leak out into surrounding tissues* |
| diagnostic test for pyelonephritis | Urine culture and sensitivity (KUB) radiography and intravenous pyelogram (IVP) —obstruction |
| diagnostic test for nephrotic | Urinalysis and serum tests for protein and lipids Renal biopsy |
| Whenever the normal flow of urine is obstructed there is a potential backward flow of fluid into the renal pelvis. If not corrected can cause | hydronephrosis |
| percutaneous procedure that places a drainage tube into a kidney | Nephrostomy (used for hydronephrosis) |
| renal stenosis can cause | HTN, Chronic renal failure |
| most common renal stone | calcium oxalate |
| Renal Stones: Diagnosis | UA and KUB IVP Serum levels of calcium, uric acid, and cystine |
| Acute Renal Failure: Diagnosis | Urinalysis Creatinine, BUN, CBC, electrolytes, and arterial blood gases Radiologic studies (e.g., ultrasonography, IVP, CT, or MRI) Renal biopsy |
| Earliest sign of renal impairment is the inability of the kidneys to | concentrate urine - polyuria, nocturia |
| Chronic Renal Failure: Diagnosis | Creatinine and creatinine clearance Urinalysis with culture and sensitivity Hematocrit and hemoglobin Renal ultrasound, renal scan, CT scan, and renal biopsy |
| commonly occurs about 2–3 weeks after a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. | acute glomerulonephritis |
| Often, the only sign of cancer of the bladder is | hematuria |
| a surgical procedure that allows urine to exit the body after the bladder is removed | An ileal conduit |
| A patient with nephrotic syndrome is admitted with severe generalized edema, ascites, and cloudy urine. The patient is irritable and tired. What is the priority nursing problem? | Fluid volume excess |
| What are 3 diagnostic tests used to confirm bladder cancer? | Cystoscopy IVP Biopsy |
| Hemodialysis is performed for the end-stage kidney disease patient. Data that indicate treatment effectiveness would be: | A fall in potassium, creatinine, and urea levels. |
| A nursing intervention for the patient who has just returned from surgery with a new arteriovenous shunt is to: | Assess the shunt site for hematoma and check for bruit every 2-4 hours. |
| When planning nursing care for the patient who has renal failure, the nurse encourages a diet that is | High in calories but low in protein and potassium |
| Planning nursing care for the patient following surgery for kidney trauma may include: (Select all that apply.) | Close monitoring for hypovolemic shock Hourly urine output measurements Monitoring of the size of the flank hematoma |
| What changes in the urinary system occur with aging that predispose elderly women to urinary frequency and infection? | Estrogen depletion that results in structural atrophy |
| Which signs and symptoms are associated with nephrotic syndrome? | Proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, and severe edema |
| A patient has acute renal failure and is in the diuretic phase. With an increased output, there is a danger of: | Hyponatremia |
| A patient with chronic renal failure is receiving epoetin alfa (Epogen). The purpose of this medication is to | Treat anemia; promotes RBC formation |
| 301One of the relevant nursing problems in caring for a patient with renal failure is rapid fatigue upon activity. Which intervention would be appropriate in helping the patient accomplish (ADLs)? | Assess his energy level in the morning and then direct the nursing assistant to do specific tasks for him |
| What is characteristic of stage 1 chronic renal failure? | Urine concentration is decreased and polyuria and nocturia occur. |
| Which patient needs counseling about contacting all sexual partners for follow-up care? | Patient diagnosed with urethritis |
| The nurse is caring for a patient with acute glomerulonephritis and observes obvious edema. What is the best rationale for frequent auscultation of the lung fields for this patient? | Assessing the lungs is the standard of care for any acutely ill patient. |
| Which patient has the greatest risk for acute renal failure? | Trauma patient with an episode of prolonged hypovolemia |
| the accumulation of nitrogenous products, which is signaled by an increase in BUN and serum creatinine. | azotemia |
| which nutrient should a client with CKD increase in their diet | calcium |
| a client is receiving peritoneal dialysis what adverse effect should the nurse monitor for | respiratory distress * can occur do to fluid volume overload* |
| a client is receiving ambulatory peritoneal dialysis what kind if drainage should be reported to the provider | cloudy, yellow drainage -indication of peritonitis |
| a nurse is reinforcing teaching on a cystogram what should be included in the teaching | pink tinged urine is expected |
| what causes nephrotic syndome | ** occurs after the glomeruli have been damaged by glomerulonephritis or some other disease** |
| excess dietary purine (organ meats, red wines, sardines) * Gout * | uric acid |
| Who is your favorite classmate | SHAMEIKA duh!! |
Created by:
snmartin
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