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Piano-G5-Theory
Terms and Signs - Dynamics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| PP (pianissimo) | very quiet |
| p (piano) | quiet |
| mp (mezzo piano) | moderately quiet |
| mf (mezzo forte) | moderately loud |
| f (forte) | loud |
| ff (fortissimo) | very loud |
| sf, sfx (sforzando, sforzato) | forced, accented |
| fp (fortepiano) | loud, then immediately quiet |
| rf, rfz rinforzaodo (rinf.) | reinforcing |
| < crescendo (cresc.) | gradually getting louder |
| > decrescendo (decresc.) diminuendo (dim.) | gradually getting quieter |
| a niente | to nothing |
| morendo | dying away |
| perdendosi | dying away |
| smorzando (smorz.) | dying away |
| sotto voce | in an undertone (quietly, in whisper) |