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Unit 2 science test
Unit 2 science flashcards for test on 12/6/24
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ribosomes | produces proteins needed by the cell |
| Vacuoles | stores water, food, waste products, or other materials |
| Lysosome | break down food particles and worn out cell parts |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (E.R) | transports materials and helps make proteins and other substances |
| Mitochondria | converts energy in food to energy used by cells |
| Cell wall | A rigid layer that surrounds the cell. It helps protect and support the cell |
| Cytoplasm | gel-like fluid fills most of cell; moves nutrients, proteins, and organelles within the cell. It holds organelles in place |
| Chloroplast | makes food for cell using energy from sunlight |
| Cell Membrane | A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of a cell |
| Nucleus | It contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA and controls cells activities |
| Golgi Apparatus | packages and distributes materials from the E.R |
| Robert Hooke | studies bark and fossils with microscope and coins the term "cells" |
| Anton Van Leewenhoek | observes living microorganisms under the microscope |
| Matthias Schleiden | concludes that all plants are made of cells |
| Theodor Schwann | reaches the conclusion that all animals are made of cells |
| Rudolf Virchow | proposes that cells are only made from other cells |
| 3 parts of the cell theory | 1 All living things are made up of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3. All cells are produced from existing cells |
| Things that a cell needs in order to stay alive | 1. obtain energy 2. Bring in nutrients and water 3. Remove wastes 4. Maintain Homeostasis |
| Passive transport and two forms of it | The movement of dissolved Materials across a cell Membrane without using the cell's energy Diffusion and Osmosis |
| Active transport and two forms of it | The movement of materials across a cell membrane using the cellular energy endocytosis and exocytosis |
| Diffusion | The process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane |
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