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Waves Inside Earth 5
Waves Inside Earth 5E
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| There is a pattern to where Earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanoes occur (at | plate boundaries, where land meets ocean, or in the middle of the oceans). |
| Earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanoes cause | a lot of death and destruction. |
| There are different types of earthquake waves: | body waves (P and S waves) and surface waves. |
| P and S waves travel through the interior of Earth and surface waves travel | along the surface |
| Earthquake waves are recorded with a device called | a seismograph. |
| P waves are phast (fast) like a porsche. NAME THREE FACTS | Primary waves Push pull Travel through all materials |
| S waves are slow. S waves are slow. NAME 3 FACTS | Secondary waves Perpendicular Travel only through solids |
| Scientists have determined the interior of Earth by studying: | 1. Seismic waves, 2. Meteroites, and 3. LAVA |
| What happens to P waves when they reach the liquid outer core | they are refracted (bent) |
| What happens when S waves reach the liquid outer core? | They are absorbed or blocked |
| What is created when S waves are blocked by the outer core? | The shadow zone occurs and no waves arrive at seismic stations |
| Earth is made of materials with | different densities |
| dense materials sank to the bottom (the core) because | they are pulled by gravity |
| As depth increases inside Earth’s Interior, the pressure, density, and temperature | all increase (use the chart on the ESSRT) |
| What is the density of the oceanic crust? | 5-15 grams/cm3 |
| What is the density of the continential crust? | 30-50 grams/cm3 |
| Where is a material with a density of 3.4-5.6 grams/cm3 found? | The Mantle |
| What is the inner core's state of matter? | solid |
| How many kilometers inside the Earth is the outer core? | 2,901 km to 5150 km |
| How deep is the center of the Earth? | 6378 km |
| Earth has a magnetic field due to the | movement of the liquid iron (flow creates the magnetic field) in the outer core. |
| Materials like iron become magnetic from the flow of electrons because it causes | the internal magnetic domains to align. |
| The magnetic field is important because | it protects Earth from solar wind. |
| Without the magnetic field, | the solar wind would destroy the atmosphere, and Earth would be constantly exposed to radiation and life on Earth wouldn’t be able to exist. |
| The Earth’s magnetic pole reverses itself and this is recorded in the new rocks that form at | divergent plate boundaries. |
| At divergent plate boundaries, earthquakes tend to be | weak and SHALLOW |
| At transform boundaries, earthquakes are | shallow but POWERFUL |
| At convergent plate boundaries, earthquakes are | deep and POWERFUL |
| Subduction zone occurs because | oceanic crust is more dense than continental crust, so it sinks under the continental crust. |
| the deepest and most powerful earthquakes occur at plate boundaries or | subduction zones at convergent plates |
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