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Topic 3 lesson 5 Sci
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Nervous System | a collection of organs that work together to gather and interpret information about the body’s internal and external environment, and respond to that information. |
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | Includes communication paths (nerves) that connect the entire body to the brain and spinal cord. |
| Neuron | Type of cell that transfers electrical messages throughout the body. |
| Dendrite | receives messages, short branched extensions, many |
| Axon | sends messages, long, one |
| Impulse | electrical message that travels through the neuron |
| Synapse | space between one neuron and another |
| Sensory Neuron | special neuron that picks up a stimulus from the internal or external environment, and converts it into a message. |
| Interneuron | carries message from one neuron to another. |
| Motor Neuron | special neuron that sends messages to a muscle or a gland. (motor=muscle). Ex. Eyes- squinting |
| Sweat glands | release sweat to cool down body. |
| Central Nervous System (CNS) | Includes brain and spinal cord. Processes all incoming and outgoing messages. |
| Brain | Nervous System’s largest organ (3 parts) |
| Cerebrum | interprets input from your senses, controls movement, carries out mental processes such as learning and remembering things. |
| Cerebellum | coordinates muscle actions and helps keep you balanced. |
| Brainstem | connects the brain to the spinal cord, involved in breathing and heartbeat. |
| Spinal Cord | sends information to and from the brain As big around as your thumb Surrounded by protective bones called vertebrae Spinal cord injuries- information from below the injury may not reach the brain |
| Reflex | Involuntary action that protects you. Shortcut from the spinal cord to your muscles. By the time your brain gets the signal you are already out of danger. |
| Path a Neuron takes through the body (1st step) | A sensory neuron collects an impulse. |
| Path a Neuron takes through the body (2nd step) | The impulse travels from the dendrite, to the cell body, and to the axon. |
| Path a Neuron takes through the body (3rd step) | The impulse “jumps” across the synapse through a neurotransmitter, to the dendrites of the next neuron. |
| Path a Neuron takes through the body (4th step) | The impulse continues to travel through the interneurons to the brain. (for a reflex, it just goes to spinal cord). |
| Path a Neuron takes through the body (5th step) | The brain processes the impulse. |
| Path a Neuron takes through the body (6th step) | A new impulse is sent back through interneurons to the motor neurons (dendrite, cell body, then axon) to a specific body part to “move” or “respond”. |
Created by:
Avii
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