Any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve fiber etc.

A molecule that binds to another (usually larger) molecule.

Introduce a phosphate group into (a molecule or compound).

Receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems.

A method of cellular signaling where the signaling molecule does not enter the cell

The use of specific detection methodologies to directly increase the signal in proportion to the amount of target in the reaction.

The process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response.

Any behavior of a living organism that results from an external or internal stimulus.

The modification or control of a process or system by its results or effects, in a biochemical pathway or behavioral response.

Occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output.

A process that occurs in a feedback loop which exacerbates the effects of a small disturbance.

A type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes.

The cycle of growth and asexual reproduction of a cell, consisting of interphase followed in actively dividing cells by prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

The resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.Compare with meiosis.

The body’s cells begin to divide without stopping and spread into surrounding tissues.

Any of a number of proteins associated with the cycle of cell division which are thought to initiate certain processes of mitosis.

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AP Bio Unit 4

Cell Communication & Cell Cycle

Term	Definition
Target Cell	Any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve fiber etc.
Ligand	A molecule that binds to another (usually larger) molecule.
Phosphorylation	Introduce a phosphate group into (a molecule or compound).
Receptor Protein	Receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems.
Secondary Messenger	A method of cellular signaling where the signaling molecule does not enter the cell
Signal Amplification	The use of specific detection methodologies to directly increase the signal in proportion to the amount of target in the reaction.
Signal Transduction	The process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response.
Response	Any behavior of a living organism that results from an external or internal stimulus.
Feedback	The modification or control of a process or system by its results or effects, in a biochemical pathway or behavioral response.
Negative Feedback	Occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output.
Positive Feedback	A process that occurs in a feedback loop which exacerbates the effects of a small disturbance.
Asexual Reproduction	A type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes.
Cell Cycle	The cycle of growth and asexual reproduction of a cell, consisting of interphase followed in actively dividing cells by prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Interphase	The resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
Mitosis	A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.Compare with meiosis.
Cancer	The body’s cells begin to divide without stopping and spread into surrounding tissues.
Cyclin	Any of a number of proteins associated with the cycle of cell division which are thought to initiate certain processes of mitosis.

Created by: onceamustang

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