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Earth System Science
Unit 9 study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most endangered species are threatened by multiple factors, but ___________ is generally viewed as the largest single cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. | habitat loss |
| Fragmentation of natural ecosystems intensifies _____________, which are impacts that stem from the juxtaposition of two different ecosystems—for example, a meadow and a paved street. | edge effects |
| Which of the following were discussed in class and were noted to be a good example of an invasive species? | All are invasive species |
| The basic currency of biodiversity is species __________, the number of species in a given habitat, or worldwide. | richness |
| Conservation International defines hotspots as regions that have at least 1,500 species of vascular plants that are ____________(found only in that area) and that have lost at least 70 percent of their original habitat. | endemic |
| Extinctions are occurring today at an exceptionally high rate, and human activities are a major cause. | True |
| Out of a total of 34 hotspots around the globe, three are located on U.S. territory. | True |
| The U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), passed in 1973, seeks to protect species that are endangered or threatened within the foreseeable future. | True |
| The main international agreement to protect biodiversity is the Convention on Biological Diversity. | True |
| The American Dust Bowl......blah blah blah | False |
| Based on fossil records and the opinions of experts who study various groups of living organisms, biodiversity on Earth appears to be at a historical peak __________. | today |
| Scientists have documented at least five "mass extinction" events in the history of the Earth, with the most famous being the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) extinction which occurred ___________ million years ago. | 65 |
| Warming associated with global climate change is shrinking Arctic sea ice coverage. | True |
| The Red List, published by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), catalogues the species most at risk. | True |
| According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), about ____________ of ocean fish stocks are being exploited close to their maximum sustainable limits. | half |
| Conservationists refer to areas especially rich in biodiversity as ______________. | hot spots |
| Estimates suggest that at least 5 to 15 million species remain to be catalogued. | True |
| Habitat fragmentation will reduce the rate at which species colonize new areas because they have trouble crossing gaps in between the smaller sections of remaining habitat. | True |
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