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Stack #43206
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is earth science? | any of the several geologic sciences that are concerned with the orgin, structure and physical phenomena of the earth. |
| What type of system is the earth? | A closed system. |
| Name the four spheres of the earth. | The litosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere and the biosphere. |
| the planet is still in a state of what? | change |
| the atmopshere is in what state? | gas |
| What was our Earth originally composed of? | Carbon Dioxide. |
| Name the current composition of the earth. | Nitrogen= 78% Oxygen= 21% Carbon Dioxide= 0.03% and Hydrogen and Noble Gases= 1% |
| What caused a change in the earth's composition? | The origin of green plants ( photosynthesis) |
| Name the layers of the atmosphere. | Troposphere, Tropopause,, Stratosphere, Stratopause, The Mesoshere, The mesospause, thermosphere, thermopause and the exosphere |
| state the characteristics of the troposphere. | It is 13 km thick, is -60C, and it is where weather occurs. It is not equally distributed around the earth from the equator to the poles.. These interruptions contain jet streams. |
| What are jet streams? | Extremely powerful winds. |
| Name the characteristics of the stratosphere. | It is between 13 and 50 km thick, it is 0c and contains ozone |
| what is ozone? | O3 and is a protective layer from harmful UV rays |
| Name the characteristics of the mesosphere. | it is between 50 and 80 km, -90C, dense enough to burn meteors and cause shooting stars |
| Name the characteristics of the thermosphere. | above 80km, temp increases again, aurora borealis occurs in this layer. |
| How are the aurora borealis created? | the solar wind send electrically charged particles that collide with particle in the atmosphere, which become ionized and light up. |
| Why do we see the northern lights in the northern regions near the poles? | the earth's magnetic field redirects the solar wind towards the poles. |
| mesosphere+ thermosphere= ? | ionosphere |
| the exosphere extends to where? | far into space |
| which chemical is causing the ozone to deplete? | CFC or chlorofluorocarbons |
| which type of UV light is harmful? | UVB |
| which chemical component of CFC is causing ozone to decrease? | Chlorine |
| Water_______ when it freezes | expands |
| Water has high surface tension. True or false? | True |
| More things can be dissolved in sulfuric acid than in water. True or false? | False |
| Which is the purist form of water? | H2O |
| It takes more energy to heat water at room temperature to 100C than it does to change 100C water into stream. True or False? | False |
| If you evaporate a 20cm glass full of water from the great salt lake you will end up with how much salt? | 2.5cm |
| Which is more basic- sea water or fresh water | Sea Water |
| What shape are raindrops? | Hamburger shaped |
| Water boils quicker in Jasper or Banff than at the beach. True or false? | True |
| Explain the water cycle. | Diagram on page 5 unit 2 |
| What problem is the world having with water? | The availability. |
| how much of all water in the world available to consume by humans? | 0.32% |
| What is the risk involved if you were to drink ocean water to stay alive? | Your cells dehydrate as osmosis will take place. Water will leave the cell to create a balanced concentration of salt. |
| Explain how water shapes the earth. | Through erosion, land masses change shape. Also, the salt in oceans help keep diversity by adding more photosynthesis. |
| How much solid is eroded from each hectare on earth every year? | 9.5 tonnes |
| What does the lithosphere consist of? | The crust and the mantle |
| Rock and soil provide the foundation of _______ life on earth. | terrestrial |
| the lithosphere is in a constant state of ________ | change |
| explain the rock cycle. | refer to page 7 unit 2 |
| What is remote sensing? | The process of collecting data about the earth |
| explain how the Landsat satellite is used. | The Landsat satellite detect the variations in reflected wavelengths of energy emitted by the earth's surface and translates them into digital images. |
| list some applications of the Landsat satellite. | movement of the earth;s plates,, rivers and lakes, glaciers, earthquakes, pollution, deforestation |
| what does GPS stand for? | Global Positioning System |
| How many satellites does the GPS use? | 24 |
| what type of energy is used for the GPS | microwaves |
| Explain how the Topex. Poseidon Satellite works. | an emitter send an outgoing signal to the surface of he ocean. A receiver times the returning signal. The distance of the ocean's surface is calculated using the known speed of light and return time. |
| Explain how the sea beam works. | in a ship equipped with a sea beam, a sound wave is sent to the ocean floor. the wave bounces off the sea floor and its returning echo is recorded by a receiver on the ship. the distance to the ocean floor is then calculated using the know n speed of soun |
| what are the applications of the sea beam? | map the ocean floor, finding fishing fleets, deep-sea drilling operations, tool for scientists such as oceanographers, volocanologists and acrcharelogists. |
| hydrosphere+lithosphere+ atmosphere= ___________ | biosphere |
| what is biodiversity? | a variety of plants and animal life in a particular habitat |
| how many species have been catalogued? | 2 million |
| most species live near ______ | the equator |
| explain the carbon cycle. | refer to page 10 unit 2 |
| Explain the nitrogen cycle. | refer to page 11 unit 2 |
| which two layers make up the lithosphere? | crust and ridged mantle |
| what happened to the temperature as you get closer to the core? | increases |
| what is the melting point for rocks? | 5000C |
| At what temperature does partial melting occur? | 2000C |
| name all the parts of the earth starting from the outside inwards and their composition. | Lithosphere= silicates, Asthenosphere/ ridged mantle= semi- liquid and dense rock- magma, stiffer mantle= mg attached to o+Fe, outer core= liquid iron and inner core= solid iron and nickel |
Created by:
kajoom
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