Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Earth Science Unit 3
Rocks and Minerals Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| inorganic | A substance that does not form from living things (plants or animals). |
| solid | definite shape and volume particles are packed together tightly can hold its shape without a container |
| definite chemical composition | Minerals are made up of elements that are in definite proportions. Two or more elements chemically joined from a compound. Almost all minerals are compounds. |
| crystal structure | a repeating pattern of the mineral’s particles forming a solid has flat sides, called faces that meet at sharp edges and corners |
| Streak Test | Observed by rubbing the mineral against an unglazed tile revealing the color of its powder. |
| Luster | used to describe how a mineral reflects light from its surface Ex. Metallic or nonmetallic Quartz = glassy luster |
| cleavage | A mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces |
| fracture | Minerals that do not split easily |
| vesicular | |
| volcanic | |
| intrusive | rocks formed from magma hardened below Earth’s surface. Form larger crystals. granite is the most abundant of this type found in continental crust |
| extrusive | rocks formed from lava erupted onto Earth’s surface. Form smaller crystals. basalt from ocean crust, shield volcanoes and lava plateaus |
| Sedimentary rock | forms when particles of other rocks or remains of living things are pressed or cemented together. |
| clastic | rocks such as sandstone, shale, conglomerate, breccia form from fragments squeezed together |
| fragmental | Refers to rocks or sediments composed of broken pieces or fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals, often formed through physical weathering or volcanic activity (e.g., volcanic breccia or clastic sedimentary rocks). |
| fossil | The preserved remains, impressions, or traces of ancient organisms found in rocks. Fossils can include bones, shells, imprints, or even evidence of activity like footprints. |
| precipitates | Substances that form when minerals crystallize out of a solution, often due to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemical composition. |
| evaporates | Sedimentary rocks formed from minerals left behind after the evaporation of water, usually in arid environments. Common evaporite minerals include halite (rock salt) and gypsum. |
| lithification | The process through which sediments are compacted and cemented together over time, transforming them into solid sedimentary rock. |
| foliated | grains are thin, flat layering or bands Example: shale (sedimentary) undergoes heat and pressure being changed into slate (metamorphic) |
| nonfoliated | grains are randomly arranged Example: sandstone (sedimentary) is changed into quartzite (metamorphic) |
| banding | The alternating layers of different minerals or compositions found in metamorphic rocks, often created by heat and pressure causing minerals to segregate into distinct bands. |
| mineral alignment | The arrangement of minerals in a rock, typically seen in metamorphic rocks, where mineral grains are oriented in a parallel or layered pattern due to pressure and temperature during metamorphism. |
| Igneous rock | forms from cooling magma either below the surface or on the surface. |
| Metamorphic rock | forms when altered by heat, pressure or chemical reactions deep below earth’s surface. |
| Metamorphism | The transition to one rock from another rock in the solid state under conditions unlike those which they originally formed. |
Created by:
user-1746037
Popular Earth Science sets