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Hypertension MS3

QuestionAnswer
Modifiable hypertension risk factors Smoking, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol, obesity, elevated triglycerides, excess sodium
Nonmodifiable hypertension risk factors Age, ethnicity, family history, male gender
Hypertension complications CAD, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertensive encephalopathy, left ventricular hypertrophy. Blurry vision, chronic kidney disease, intermittent claudication
Hypertension prevention Weight reduction, DASH diet, sodium reduction, potassium increase, physical activity, less alcohol
Hypertension assessment Retinal exam, urinalysis, CBC, BMP, BUN, ECG, CXR, Echo
Hypertension med side effects Orthostatic hypotension, sexual problems, dry mouth (chew sugarless gum), frequent voiding
Furosemide Diuretic, causes hypokalemia
Enalapril ACE inhibitor, Angioedema, Cough, Elevated potassium. First dose hypotension
Valsartan ARB, good alternative for clients who cough with ACE
Spironolactone Aldosterone antagonist, excretes sodium and water. Monitor potassium levels
Metoprolol Beta blocker, decreases heart rate and BP. Do no stop suddenly, caution in diabetic & respiratory clients (can mask hypoglycemia)
Nitroglycerin Vasodilator, can be used in hypertension emergencies
Hypertensive emergency Target organ damage, hospitalization
Hypertensive urgency Associated with chronic stable disorders (angina, prior MI)
Hypertensive emergency care Reduce BP by no more than 25% in first hour, very frequent monitoring
Created by: Haydenmeh
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