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bio exam 3 ch4&5
How cells obtain energy and photosynthesis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anabolism | builds larger molecules |
| Catabolism | breaks down large molecules into smaller ones |
| How many ATP molecules are made from glucose catabolism? | 38 |
| Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _________ & used short-term to perform work from a(n) _______ molecule. | Glucose; ATP |
| __ energy is the energy of motion, whereas _______ energy is stored energy. | Kinetic; potential |
| The reaction: C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP is an example of an __________ reaction because it _____________ ATP. | Exergonic, releases |
| Which of the following is false about enzymes? A Most are proteins B They lower the activation energy of chemical reactions . C Each one is specific to the substrate(s) to which is binds D They are changed by the reactions they catalyze | They are changed by the reactions they catalyze |
| Regarding enzymes, ______ & ______ act as cofactors & coenzymes for enzyme action. | Vitamins & minerals |
| ______ inhibition occurs when an inhibitor molecule is similar to a substrate, can bind to the active site, & block the substrate from binding. | Competitive |
| The primary energy currency used by cells is | ATP |
| What is the name of one of the coenzymes that removes e- & H+ from reactions? | NAD+ |
| The glucose that enters the glycolysis pathway is split into two molecules of | pyruvate |
| We exhale carbon dioxide, but where does it come from? | It’s formed during the citric acid cycle when bonds in carbon compounds are broken |
| During aerobic metabolism/cell respiration, most of the ATP is produced in what organelle and requires | Mitochondria; oxygen |
| We inhale ________ when we breathe, which acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic metabolism/respiration | Oxygen |
| ATP synthesis involves: | The movement of hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane |
| Which of the following fermentation methods can occur in animal skeletal muscles? | Lactic acid fermentation |
| Yeast ferment grape juice into wine. Why do winemaking tanks need pressure-release valves? | The yeasts produce CO2 gas by alcohol fermentation |
| When glucose levels decrease in the blood, the liver can break down this storage form of glucose and release it into the blood. | Glycogen |
| During amino acid catabolism, ammonia is converted to _____, which leaves the body in urine. | Urea |
| ___ are broken down into 2 carbon units and picked up by acetyl CoA | Fatty acids |
| The 3 final products of glucose breakdown at the end of cell respiration are _________ + ______________ + _________ | Carbon dioxide + water + ATP |
| The first law of thermodynamics states that: | Energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| All the following are examples of having potential energy except: a. Water behind a dam b. Compressed spring c. Chemical bonds that hold atoms of molecules together d. Waterfall | waterfall |
| Which of the following would affect the activity of most enzymes? a. pH = 3 b. high temperature c. high salt concentration d. all the above | all the above |
| Glycolysis takes place in the | cytoplasm |
| Allosteric ____________ is when a molecule binds to locations on enzymes away from the active and allows a better fit for the substrate. | activation |
| Which one is endergonic? compose pile, growth of a chick, person running down hill. | growth of a chick |
| Which one is exergonic? compose pile, growth of a chick, person running down hill. | compose pile and person running down a hill |
| when cyanide occurs pH_____ and H+-____ | increases, decreases |
| what effect would cyanide have on atp cynthasis? | stop it |
| What 2 products result from photosynthesis? | Glucose & oxygen |
| Plants and algae are examples of: | Autotrophs |
| From where does a heterotroph directly obtain its energy? | Eating/consuming other organisms |
| Photosynthesis takes place primarily in the ______________ of plants | Leaves |
| Photosynthesis occurs in the middle layer of leaves called the | Mesophyll |
| Gas exchange occur thru openings in leaves called: | Stomata |
| Which statement about thylakoids in eukaryotes is false? aThylakoids are assembled into stacks b. The fluid-filled space surrounding thylakoids is called stroma c. Thylakoids are found in the mitochondria d. Thylakoids contain chlorophyll | Thylakoids are found in the mitochondria |
| The light-dependent reaction take place in the _________, whereas the Calvin cycle takes place in the ______________? | Thylakoid membrane; stroma |
| The purpose of the light dependent reaction in photosynthesis is: | Use solar energy & H2O to make chemical energy & O2 |
| The purpose of the Calvin cycle is | Use energy & CO2 to make glucose |
| Which of the following is true for wavelengths? a. Shorter wavelengths carry higher energy b. Longer wavelengths carry higher energy c. Shorter wavelengths carry less energy d. Shorter and longer wavelengths carry the same amount of energy | Shorter wavelengths carry higher energy |
| Which color(s) of light does/do chlorophyll a reflect? | Green |
| Which molecule/pigment absorbs the energy of a photon in photosynthesis? | Chlorophyll |
| What is the energy of a photon first used to do in photosynthesis? | Energize an electron |
| _______ replaces the electron in chlorophyll during the light-dependent reaction, so it is considered an electron _______ | Water; donor |
| Plants produce oxygen when they undergo photosynthesis. Where does the oxygen come from? | Splitting water molecules |
| What are the energy carriers produced in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis? | ATP & NADPH |
| Which statement correctly describes carbon fixation? | The use of RuBisCO to convert CO2 to an organic molecule |
| What is the molecule that leaves the Calvin cycle to become part of glucose? | G3P |
| Photosynthesis occurs in the ____________, whereas, aerobic cell respiration occurs in the ____________. | Chloroplast; mitochondria |
| Which of the following is a similarity between cell respiration & photosynthesis? a. Both use the electron transport chain to pump H+ across a membrane b. Both create ATP by H+ diffusion c. Both include some type of cycle d. All the above | All the above |
Created by:
mahak
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